Number Percentage 
of endemic of total 
species species 
Papilionaceae ...... 31 (24 Astragalus)........... 36 p. ct. 
Comiposiiae ‘3... ... 28 (9 Cousinia, 8 Scorzonera). 27, ,, 
@henopodiaceae 440117, (5 Salsola):.. :.,.%:....: LS: 
Bolygonaceae ...... 14, (Calligonum),. ...... INSSE 54 ,„ 
Umbelliferae ....... DO enduit “hurts ann 5 
lacede. :...... D PR RS Ds M SE SME 
Barrophyllaceden 221.118 me SETS red se nam oa en O2 
Cruelferade 1... 2-2 Saints A ee teen othe BR NG Ae 1617-3, 
en et ED dimus - Se SER SUR TSA RET SØDERE ENE & 30%, 75; 
Zygophyllaceae..... One rare tipo cyt oh cect tats AA; 
GrOmInede.. ..:.... CE PO ge PR CT RS FEST BEDT ET A | FA REP 
Hrobancheaceaer 4 (A ER een denn SER Gore 
Convolvulaceae ..... ele sin. See TN Ee ie qe 30475, 
Borraginaceae...... Dr th od bebe te oh: Role Neue De loss 
Ranunculaceae ..... GW, Parle 158 open cess NS” 265 
RULE AE. :. ..:4... M Er SE] HEER Nate atole ete UE, 
Only a few orders contain no endemic species at all, 
for instance Cyperaceae, Geraniaceae, Plumbaginaceae and none 
of these orders are rich in species in Transcaspia. 
The Papilionaceae take first place as regards endemism, 
and this is especially due to the numerous species of Astrag- 
alus the majority of which belong to the sub-genus Cerci- 
dothrix which has bifurcate hairs. 
It is characteristic that several of the smaller families 
are comparatively rich in endemic species, thus half of the 
Rutaceae and two-thirds of the Orobancheaceae are endemic 
likewise one-third of the Convolvulaceae, Liliaceae etc. The 
one species of Araceae and the only Orchid are both endemic. 
Endemism in Transcaspia may according to the preceding 
be denoted as recent, i. e. it has arisen from the development 
of species within a period not very remote in the geological 
sense. There are no forms at all standing quite isolated and 
showing indications of being relicts, but there are endemic 
species in almost all the natural orders and in several of the 
larger genera. 
