59 — 
only a few centimètres high. — The leaves, 5—8 cm long, 
are ovate-lanceolate, coarsely hispid and covered with 
many fine hairs, sulcate; the lower leaves are sloping, the 
stem-leaves horizontal. The flowers at first red and visited 
by bumble-bees, and later yellowish-white; on specimens 
born up on large cushions they may be raised up to 70 cm 
above the ground; on young specimens 30—40 cm. 
Astragalus dolichopodus Freyn. A hemicryptophyte with 
a “radix multiceps”. By degrees small tufts are formed about 
30 cm in diameter, sometimes ring-shaped. Rosette plant. 
The leaves are 2—3 cm long, and have 4—5 pairs of leaf- 
lets, which are cuneate, 7—9 mm long, sericeous and in the 
day-time when the sun shines turn their profile to the sun- 
light. The red flowers are only raised 15 cm from the ground. 
Cousinia rava C. Winkl. A hemicryptophyte with “radix 
multiceps”, forming small tufts. The white, prickly-edged, 
white-villose leaves, which grow all along the stem, are 5—12 
cm long; the red heads are about 30 cm above the ground. 
Oxytropis Poncinsü Frch. A chamaephyte with a thick 
“radix multiceps” bearing small very thick tufts of short 
shoots. The tufts are arched like cushions, and the plant 
approaches a cushion-plant. The leaves have 4 pairs of lanceo- 
late, densely sericeous leaflets, about 5 mm long placed very 
close together. The flowers are purple, almost sessile. The 
swollen, hairy, green or rosy-red pods often encircle the tuft 
like a hoop. The centre is formed by the many closely 
packed silvery leaves. The entire effect is strange. (Fig. 21). 
Astragalus oophorus Freyn. A hemicryptophyte with 
thick “radix multiceps” bearing small tufts. The light-shoots 
are very short, only 2—4 cm long, the leaves are 2—3 cm 
long and have 2—4 pairs of densely hirsute leaflets, which 
are obovate and about 7 mm long. The flesh-coloured 
flowers are only a few cm from the ground. 
Carex stenophylla Wahlenb. A hemicryptophyte with 
subterranean horizontal rhizomes, and tunics of dead leaves 
about the shoots. The spikes are 7—10 cm above the sur- 
face of the ground. 
Scorzonera mollis M. B. (var. cano-velutina Beauy.) and 
Scorzonera pusilla Pall. are both hemicryptophytes, semi- 
