ei 2 
1. The vegetation is scattered, does not cover the ground. 
I have an idea that it is less scattered in the Pamirs than 
in the fell-field of the Alps and Greenland, where the nudity 
of the ground is an important character-mark. The poverty 
of the soil in humus is characteristic for both. 
2. An important difference is the fact that the arctic 
fell-fields are rich in lichens, while these are wanting in the 
Pamirs (and in the Alps). 
3. Shoots are short, and the leaves therefore grow close 
to the ground, which WARMING, 1888, denotes as a characte- 
ristic of fell-field plants. Rosettes of leaves which are com- 
mon in the Greenland fell-fields are more rare in Pamir 
(Scorzonera, Astragalus Alitschuri, Oxytropis Poncinsü), but the 
shoots are generally short, so that the leaves are as a rule 
close to the ground. 
4. Cespitose growth, “radix multiceps” is common to 
both localities. 
5. Cushion-plants are common, perhaps not in number 
of species, but in the number of individuals. (Silene acaulis, 
Acantholimon diapensioides.) These two species belong to the 
same group of cushion-plants (HAURI u. SCHRÔTER). Silene, 
just like Acantholimon, has adventitious roots on the under 
side of its branches. 
6. In arctic fell-fields many procumbent small bushes 
are found, Dryas, Arctostaphylos alpina, Cassiope, Rhododen- 
dron lapponicum, Salix herbacea, and Betula nana. They are 
woody chamaephytes, with horizontal branches. There is 
only one representative for this type in “the Pamirs”, Polygo- 
num paronychioides, and it is far from attaining the same 
size and compactness as many of the arctic specimens do. 
7. Species having subterranean runners are found in 
both places, even though their importance is small. Carex 
stenophylla and Ephedra in Pamir, Carex rupestris, rigida and 
others in Greenland are examples. 
8. As far as I know, no synopsis of the adaptation of 
arctic fell-fields in respect to xerophytic structure exists. 
WARMING, KIHLMANN, WAGNER, BONNIER and others have pub- 
lished facta in regard, to the hairiness, leaf-structure etc., of 
arctic and alpine plants; and the biology of arctic plants 
