— 106 — 
3. On a little peninsula, in Jashil Kul, formed by soil 
washed out by a stream now dry, we found growing along 
the waters edge willow bushes, (Salix glauca?) and Tamarix sp. 
Behind these was a close green carpet, formed mostly of Cype- 
raceae: Kobresia Bellardi and Carex gracilis; Bromus crinitus 
was very Common. Beyond these was a quantity of red flower- 
ing Allium (polyphyllum?), and still higher up, I found a 
curious mixture of mesophilous and xerophilous plants form- 
ing a rather dense vegetation. Among the mesophilous plants 
were Potentilla bifurca, by whose subterranean runners patches 
of ground, a mètre or so, in size were covered with its low 
smooth-leafed shoots, the annual, Tauscheria lasiocarpa, in 
great quantities, Poa compressa var. tereliuscula and Astragalus 
scheremetewianus. Among the xerophilous species were both 
Acantholimon species, Artemisia maritima aff., Hedysarum cepha- 
lotes, Solenanthus stylosus, Cousinia rava, Trigonella Emodi, 
Stipa orientalis, Scorzonera mollis, Polygonum paronychioides, 
Macrotomia euchromon, Elymus lanatus var. canus, —- species 
of the Trigonella-formation, that is to say not those belonging 
to the driest localities. 
PART III 
THE SOUTHERN VALLEYS OF PAMIR 
CHAPTER 10 
Wakhan. 
Leaving the Chargush Pass the expedition went to the 
south and southwest following the river Pamir Daria to 
Wakhan. As soon as we descended to that river, which 
rushed along in a foaming torrent, we found thickets of wil- 
lows both along the banks and in the deep valleys furrowed 
by its tributaries. The lower down we came the greater the 
