Director's Annual Report. 29 
So many factors have been suggested during the field and labora- 
tory work on these flows, that it is hoped several more trips may be 
made before writing a general report. Now that I am personally 
acquainted with this part of Hawaii, an expensive guide will not 
be necessary, and this can more readily be done. ‘The only way 
one can find the water holes is to take a guide, but otherwise I 
have generally found them wasters of time, money and patience. 
‘From Hilo my route led up through the central part of the 
island, the trail following the lava flow of 1855. ‘Three camps 
were made along this trail as follows: Olaa flume, Hale Loulu 
and Hale Aloha. At the last the trail leaves the flow, and the 
next place at which a stop was made was the Shipman ranch at 
Puu Oo, which is on the slopes of Mauna Kea. 
‘“This place made a convenient centre for exploring a very 
large portion of the highlands within a day’s riding distance. 
From here the lava flows of 1843, 1899 and the upper portion of 
the 1855 flow were visited; a large portion of the Humuula Sheep 
Station, to as far east as territory previously covered, was visited; 
and through the kindness of Mr. W. A. Shipman, who lent horses 
especially for the trip, Mauna Kea was ascended to the summit. 
One night was spent ata station called Lau Maia, which is several 
miles north of Puu Oo. From here the source of the Wailuku 
River was visited. The rocky ravines had a most interesting flora, 
one specimen of ‘“‘Ahinahina’”’ Arvgyroxiphium sandwicense, or 
Silver Sword as it is called in Maui, measured nine feet in height; 
the leafy portion being three feet high, the remainder being the 
flowering panicle in full blossom. 
‘“From Puu Oo the trail was taken across to Kilauea, stops of 
several days being made at Kipuka Ahiu, near the flow of 1880- 
1881; Kipuka Waiakea, not far from the flow of 1852; and at 
Palakea, visiting the flow of 1823 some distance above Keawe 
Wai; and finally at the Shipman ranch near Kilauea, from which 
place the 1880-1881 flow on this side of Mauna Loa was visited. 
The return to Hilo was by the regular route over the Government 
road. ‘The disappearance of the native forest and the change of 
landscape along this road has been so great since my only other 
visit, which was made with Dr. Brigham in 1908, that old land- 
marks like Mr. Furneaux’ house, were passed before being 
recognized. [145] 
