February 27, 1913] 



NATURE 



69/ 



above-noticed, but on a larger scale and more 

 detailed in its sketch of biological evolution. Dr. 

 Simpson is orthodox in his science, but on the 

 religious side conceives a World Principle im- 

 manent and transcendent, yet personal. " Of 

 course, ^ve cannot form a clear conception of such 

 infinite, unconditioned personality. We are certain 

 that it is something richer in content than our 

 personality." The problem of sin is very well 

 handled : the Genesis narrative is symbolically 

 true, but does not teach that man fell from a state 

 of goodness. On the contrary, he has risen from 

 a state of innoceticy, such as the child's state 

 before he learns to recognise good and evil. He 

 must continue to rise, until he reaches communion 

 with God through likeness to Him. The book 

 contains much that is theologically and philo- 

 sophically debatable, but is an excellent example 

 of the modern literature of reconciliation, and does 

 credit both to the learning and the piety of its 

 author. 



(S) Dr. Jones dedicates his book to Prof. 

 Freud, among whose disciples he enrolls himself. 

 Many interesting illustrations are given, showing 

 the influence of subconscious desires in producing 

 lapses of memory and the like. Other chapters 

 deal with the relation between organic and func- 

 tional diseases, simulation in hysteria, the patho- 

 logy of morbid anxiety, the action of suggestion 

 in psychotherapy, Freud's theory of dreams, and 

 psycho-analysis and education. The writer is 

 associate-professor of psychiatry in the Univer- 

 sity of Toronto. His book is extremely readable 

 and good, chiefly by reason of its wealth of con- 

 crete examples. We may incline to think that the 

 Freudian psychology is itself obsessed with sex- 

 ideas, and is guilty of tracing everything to sub- 

 conscious sexual thoughts or desires ; but, after 

 all, a theorj' is best tested by its thorough applica- 

 tion to facts, and there is no doubt that Freud is 

 a pioneer, comparable — it may be, as Dr. Jones 

 suggests — with Darwin himself. 



(g) These essays are, in the main, an expan- 

 sion of a course of lectures delivered in the Queen's 

 University of Belfast. They deal with subcon- 

 sciousness, genius, pragmatism, pessimism, 

 Nietzsche, &c. The opinions are well and tem- 

 perately stated, and we only discover one dubious 

 statement of fact — viz., that gS per cent, of all 

 classes of persons are hypnotisable. This per- 

 centage is much higher than the average opinion 

 of experts would allow. The author follows 

 Myers in his psycholog}', according well-merited 

 praise to that writer and to the careful work of 

 the Society for Psychical Research. 



T. A. H. 

 NO. 2261, VOL. 90] 



MA THEM A TIC A L TEX T -BOOKS. 



(i) Exercises in Modern Arithmetic. By H. 

 Sydney Jones. Pp. x+336. (London: Mac- 

 millan and Co., Ltd., igi2.) Price 2S. 6d. 



(2) Notes on Algebra. By A. F. van der Heyden. 

 Pp. viii+133. (Middlesbrough: Wm. Apple- 

 yard and Sons, Ltd, igi2.) Price 2S. 6d. 



(3) The Teaching of Mathematics in Secondary 

 Schools. By Arthur Schultze. Pp. xxi + 370. 

 (New York : The Macmillan Company ; London : 

 Macmillan and Co., Ltd., igi2.) Price 5.':. 6d. 

 net. 



(4) Higher Algebra for Colleges and Secondary 

 Schools. By Dr. Charles Davison. Pp. viii + 

 320. (Cambridge: University Press, igi2.) 

 Price 65. 



(5) Non-Euclidean Geometry: A Critical and 

 Historical Study of its Development. By Prof. 

 Roberto Bonola. Authorised English transla- 

 tion with additional appendices. By Prof. H. S. 

 Carslaw. With an Introduction by Prof. 

 Federigo Enriques. Pp. xii + 268. (Chicago: 

 The Open Court Publishing Company, igi2.) 

 Price 2 dollars net. 



(6) An Introduction to the Infi7ntesimal Calculus. 

 Notes for the use of Science and Engineering 

 Students. By Prof. H. S. Carslaw. Pp. xii-!- 

 137. (London: Longmans, Green and Co., 

 igi2.) Price 5s. net. 



(i) 'T~^HIS volume consists of the examples re- 



JL printed from the author's work entitled 



"Modern Arithmetic with Graphic and Practical 



Exercises." The range covered is that required for 



the Oxford and Cambridge Local examinations. 



The quality of the examples, which are mainly of 



a practical character, is good. A number of typical 



I examination papers are given at the end of the 



! book. 



1 (2) This note-book is intended for students who 

 ! are revising the subject, not for those breaking 

 I new ground. There is much interesting historical 

 i information ; but we are inclined to think that the 

 { treatment is scarcely sufficiently thorough for many 

 purposes. For example, none but the simplest 

 tests of convergence are given, the theory of 

 numbers is represented by Format's theorem alone, 

 and the method given for resolving partial frac- 

 tions is inadequate. The geometrical representa- 

 tion of complex numbers, Demoivre's theorem and 

 its applications are included. 



(3) The object of the author in publishing this 

 volume is to show that the purpose of a mathe- 

 matical training is best served by making the 

 course less informational and more disciplinary 

 than is at present customary. He contends, and 



