February 27, 19 13] 



NATURE 



will make a special study of the needs of particular 

 localities. 



Group III. — Teachers engaged in the diffusion of 

 knowledge; of these the following subgroups may be 

 distinguished : — 



(a) "Lecturers in universities and colleges instructing 

 pupils whose age, previous education, and circum- 

 stances enable them to attend college courses. 



(6) Teachers employed at farm schools in instruct- 

 ing pupils who for various reasons would not benefit 

 from, or could not attend, college courses. 



(c) Instructors employed in peripatetic work teach- 

 ing those who, because of their age and circumstances, 

 cannot study in schools or colleges. 



The work of persons employed in the different 

 groups may overlap. The worker in a research insti- 

 tute may often be asked for advice, a college teacher 

 may frequently be called upon to give extension lec- 

 tures, and at certain seasons of the year the peripatetic 

 instructor may be required to teach in a farm school ; 

 but in the main the work of the different groups is 

 distinct, and now that increased funds are available 

 it is to be hoped that the authorities responsible for 

 selecting those employed under agricultural education 

 schemes will recognise more fully than heretofore 

 Ihe need for a division of labour. The "all-round" 

 agricultural expert is no longer much required, except 

 for the general supervision of local work ; to be really 

 useful either to the large farmer or the small-holder 

 the teacher must be a specialist; if he is a scientific 

 man his attainments in some branch of science should 

 be high ; if a practical man he must be a more 

 skilful practitioner than the majority of those whom 

 he instructs. 



UNIVERSITY AND EDUCATIONAL 

 INTELLIGENCE. 



Lo.NDON. — Mr. T. LI. Humberstone has been ap- 

 pointed to the Mitchell studentship. The studentship, 

 which is of the value of looZ., is awarded to the 

 selected candidate to enable him to study and inves- 

 tigate some definite feature of business or industrial 

 organisation at home or abroad. Mr. Humberstone 

 proposes to investigate a scheme of industrial fellow- 

 ships in the Universities of Pittsburg and Kansas, 

 under which research work in applied science is pro- 

 moted with funds provided by, and to some extent 

 under the supervision of, great industrial and com- 

 mercial organisations. 



Applications are invited for the newly established 

 Franks studentship in archaeology, founded by the 

 Society of Antiquaries in London, in memory of Sir 

 A. VVollaston Franks, K.C.B., sometime president of 

 the society. The object of the studentship is to enable 

 the student to carry on some research or preparation 

 for research (as distinct from professional training) 

 in the archaeology of the British Isles in its compara- 

 tive aspects. The studentship is of the value of 50L, 

 and is tenable for one year. .'\pplications should 

 reach the academic registrar not later than March 5. 



Oxford. — Prof. Lloyd Morgan, F.R.S., has been 

 appointed Herbert Spencer lecturer for 1913- 



By the will of the late Lord Ilkeston, the sum of 

 Sool. is bequeathed to the warden, bursar, or other 

 proper officer of the University of Durham upon trust 

 to apply the income for a "Winifred Foster Scholar- 

 ship " for a woman student who requires help to 

 maintain herself at the University. 



A VERY well illustrated prospectus of Bingley Train- 

 ing College has been received. The college owes its 

 existence to the public spirit of the County Council 

 of the West Riding of Yorkshire, and was opened 



NO. 2261, VOL. 90] 



for the reception of students in October, 191 1. It 

 provides accommodation for 200 resident women 

 students, and includes a central educational block, five 

 halls of residence, gymnasium, kitchen, bakery, and 

 laundry. The purpose of the college is to train 

 teachers for public elementary schools, and the training 

 provided is such as to fit the students for their work 

 as teachers. No provision is made for students wish- 

 ing to take a course leading to a university degree. 



The Berlin correspondent of The Morning Post 

 states, in the issue for February 24, that plans for 

 tiansforming the scientific institutes at Frankfort-on- 

 Main into a university have now been sanctioned by 

 the Prussian Ministry of Public Instruction. In May, 

 1912, the Emperor commissioned the Ministry to sub- 

 mit to him the draft of the statutes as soon as it was 

 satisfied that the necessary funds for the establish- 

 ment and endowment of a university were in hand. 

 .\mple funds are at the disposal of the city of Frank- 

 fort for the purpose, and the drawing up of the 

 statutes is now merely a matter of form. The capital 

 required and subscribed for the scheme is nearly 

 40o,oooL The existing institutes will be enlarged and 

 a medical institute created. It is doubtful whether 

 the university can be opened, as anticipated, in Octo- 

 ber, 1914. The new university will devote special 

 attention to social science. 



It is announced in Science that Ohio-Miami Medical 

 College of the University of Cincinnati has received 

 25,oooL from a donor whose name is being withheld. 

 An effort is being made to raise an endowment fund 

 of 20o,oooL From the same source we learn that 

 during the past year three wills, involving property 

 valued at 25,000^, have been proved in favour of Knox 

 College. About half of this amount becomes avail- 

 able immediately for the endowment of a professorship 

 in one of the departments of science, while tlie r«--- 

 mainder is held in trust during the lifetime of th ■ 

 widow of one of the testators. Mr. Eugene Meyer 

 and his wife, of New York, have given Cornell Uni- 

 versity 2000L to endow^ a fellowship in memory of 

 their son, Edgar J. Meyer, who graduated from Sibley 

 College, and whose life was lost by the sinking of the 

 Titanic. The purpose of the fellowship is to en- 

 courage research in mechanical and electrical engineer- 

 ing. 



A Reuter message from Delhi announces that an 

 important State paper on the educational policy of 

 India was issued officially there on February 21. It 

 begins by quoting the 'King's speech at Calcutta 

 University and the promises of Imperial grants for 

 education. The needs of every grade and department 

 of educational work are reviewed, and the paper goes 

 on to state that India urgently needs to be equipped 

 with an ethnographic museum. It lays special stress 

 on the formation of character through direct instruc- 

 tion, and indirect agencies such as the betterment of 

 environment, hygiene, physical culture, and organised 

 recreation. It invites local governments to appoint 

 expert committees to ensure satisfactory school and 

 college hygiene. In reviewing university education, 

 the paper' contemplates facilitating grants in aid, and 

 frames rules distinguishing the Federal and the 

 affiliating university. The policy is to multiply uni- 

 versities, having one affiliating university for each 

 leading province and developing teaching faculties and 

 research at a university centre, while establishing 

 teaching and residential universities at Dacca, 

 Benares, .\ligarh, and elsewhere as the need arises. 

 Special attention is given to the education of the 

 domiciled community and Mahomedans, the training 

 of teachers, and the establishment of an Oriental 

 Research Institute on Western lines. It foreshadows 

 a large increase of the inspectorate and teaching staff. 



