30 DR. J. MUEIE ON THE MANATEE. 



I carefully searched for, but failed to find traces of, more than three nails, the usual 

 number recorded ; these were, in this case, clearly defined and well formed. 



What has been said of the outline of the dorsal region applies equally to the 

 abdominal surface, viz. the caudal contour, foot-shape, and muzzle constituting the 

 main differences between the young male and this adult female. The transverse con- 

 striction at the root of the tail and the other less marked furrows of the body were 

 present in this female, though each and all were by no means so pronounced as shown 

 (/. c. pi. xvii.) in the copy from the photograph of the young male's body. In this 

 Aquarium example, from the great loss of flesh and contraction of the parts, the 

 abdominal walls were pinched in even below the level of the ribs. The recti abdominis 

 muscles stood out prominently, each fully 2\ inches broad. There was a deep median 

 furrow extending from the vagina forwards to within a few inches of the limbs ; the 

 indent, shallowing to a narrow line in front, was deepest posteriorly, and behind the 

 vulva it bifurcated slightly. Round tlie anus traces of linear grooving were slight. I 

 have, in PI. VII. fig. 4, reproduced an old drawing lying by me of the perineal region 

 of the first female dissected by me ; it agrees well with this Westminster Aquarium 

 specimen, and may be of use for comparison with the same region in the male {I. c. 

 pi. xvii. fig. 2.). 



In my former Memoir on Manatus I referred to Sir Everard Home's figure i, copied 

 by Frederic Cuvier- and others, wherein a prominent teat is represented, whereas in 

 the animals formerly examined by me the female showed only a very rudimentary 

 trace of nipples and no subjacent gland. The examination of the present adult female, 

 however, has enabled me to substantiate Sir E. Home's observations ; only in a side 

 view of the body the teats would not be so conspicuously visible as he has represented 

 the left one, especially as his was a young animal. In this Aquarium specimen the 

 teat in each axilla was on a line with tlie elbow (PI. VII. fig. 3), and fully an inch long 

 and about as much broad. A small but easily distinguishable central orifice existed 

 among the surrounding punctated skin, which latter is glandular in appearance. The 

 mammary gland itself was readily traced, and in the position and with the relations of 

 parts I have already described^. 



Regarding the head, as I have ah'eady hinted, the outline of the skull in its upper 

 contour was more visible, and there appeared to be a greater proportional breadth 

 between the eyes and a less transverse expansion of snout, than in the carcasses 

 formerly examined ; but in this and other points the unusual laxity of the tissues 

 must be taken into account for variations. In certain aspects the profile, and even 

 the fore-shortened view, of muzzle resembled a young Hippopatamus or Walrus, minus 

 stout bristles of latter (PL VI. fig. 7). At times, however, when alive, the animal 

 would raise and shorten its muzzle so as to have an uncommonly pig-like expression 



Phil. TraDS. 1826, pi. 26 &c. ; Leotiires on Comparative Anatomy, vol. iv. pi. 55. 

 - De I'Histoire Nat. des Cetaoee (1835), pi. i. ^ Trans. Zool. Soc. vol. viii. p. 189. 



