DR. J. MUEIB ON THE MANATEE. 35' 



inside of the root of the stylo-hyoid to the hollow on the ventral side of 'the ring of 

 the atlas. The first cervical nerve-trunk issues between this obliquus and the rectus 

 lateralis; and the posterior nerve-branches run- behind the lateralis, while the ante- 

 rior branch is that numbered 1st cervical in the woodcut, p. 37, and in the dissection 

 (PI. VIII. fig. 5). 



Notwithstanding Rapp's assertion to the contrary', a well-defined scalenus was again 

 met with — in this case a thick fleshy muscle covering partially the 1st rib, and ex- 

 tending to the 2nd and 3rd. Tendons cover the surface of the muscles ; and these are 

 inserted successively into the tips of the transverse processes of the 6th, 5th, 4th, 3rd, 

 and 2nd cervicals. A continuation of the muscle goes up broadly to the transverse 

 process of the atlas, a narrow tendon also lying superficially. On the left side I did 

 not perceive an accessory tendon proceeding to the axis ; but it was quite evident on 

 the right side (t*, fig. 5), and di\ided the roots of the 3rd and 4th cervical nerves, 

 though, as I had anticipated, exceedingly delicate and requiring most careful manipu- 

 lation to demonstrate. 



On the Cervical Nerves (consult PI. VIII. fig. 5, and diagram woodcut, p. 37). 



I. This nerve issues from the groove in front of the pedicle of the atlas, and, as 

 described in the myological notes, proceeds between the rectus lateralis and obliquus 

 superior muscles. It possesses small branching twigs, which supply the aforesaid 

 muscles and the rectus anticus major. The main trunk, however, crosses the belly of 

 the rectus lateralis, and coursing outwards divides into branches which pass beneath the 

 levator claviculce and the trapezius muscles C?). These nerve-branches furthermore 

 appear to be distributed to the sterno-mastoid portion of the panniculus carnosus 

 muscle, and to the region behind the auditory part of the skull. 



II. The second cervical nerve, slightly thicker than the preceding, issues from the 

 vertebral foramen between the atlas and axis. It may have had in this case a con- 

 nexion with the root of the first nerve ; but if this existed, it unfortunately was acci- 

 dentally severed in my dissection. The second nerve passes across the scalenus or muscle 

 which is fixed to transverse process of the atlas. Immediately thereafter it sends a 

 branch or loop which communicates with the third nerve. It, the second nerve's main 

 division, proceeds outwards parallel with the first cervical nerve, and, passing beneath 

 the levator scapula; and the trapezius &c., supplies these muscles and the panniculus 

 carnosus, nerve-branches moreover being also distributed to the posterior part of the 

 neck. Besides the loop of connexion with the third nerve, the second nerve splits up 

 into several twigs, which penetrate the deep fascia of the neck and the parts thereunder. 



III. Before describing the third nerve, I may draw attention to the fact that whilst 

 on the right side of this Manatee, as alluded to above in the description of the scalenus 

 muscle, there was evidence of the noteworthy small tendon (refen-ed to in my previous 



' ' Cetacea,' p. 86. 



VOL. XI. — PAiiT II. No. 3. — August, 1880. g 



