FEMALE ORGANS OF THE PEOBOSCIDEA. 123 



which ill the male occupy the interval between the bulbo- and ischio-cavernosi muscles, 

 and which act as compressors of the glands in question. 



Clitoris. — The clitoris is formed by the junction of two crura, each of which is attached 

 to tlie corresponding ischial tuberosity, and measures 3 inches in length. Each crus is 

 cylindrical in form, and is covered on its under surface by the fibres of a well-developed 

 ischio-cavemosus muscle. The two crura, by their junction, form the body of the clitoris, 

 which measures 7 inches in length and f of an inch in diameter. It is almost cylindrical 

 in form, and lies along the upper wall of the extrapelvic portion of the urino-genital canal. 

 It terminates within the vulva in a rounded imperforate glans, surrounded by a prepuce of 

 mucous membrane continuous with that lining the urino-genital canal. The free extremity 

 of the glans, uncovered by the prepuce, measures ^ inch in diameter. Running along the 

 dorsum of the clitoris are two arteries of large size, external to eac'h of which is a large 

 nerve. Both structures extend as far as the extremity of the clitoris, and in their course 

 give off subordinate twigs to the neighbouring parts. On making a section of the 

 clitoris this organ is seen to be composed of two corpora cavernosa, each of which con- 

 sists of a mass of erectile tissue enclosed by a stout fibrous capsule. There is no trace 

 of a corpus spongiosum. With regard to this structure, however, it would be of interest 

 to ascertain, from the examination of a perfectly fresh specimen, whether or not it is, 

 as in the human female, represented by two " vaginal bulbs" situated within the tegu- 

 mentary folds which bound the genital fissure. 



Muscles of Clitoris. — Excluding the bulbo-cavemosus muscle, which has already been 

 described along with the urino-genital canal, these are two in number on each side. 

 [a) The ischio-cavernusus or erector clitoridis is well developed, and arises from the 

 tuber ischii. Its fibres pass obliquely forward and inward toward the middle line, 

 and, covering the under surface of the crus clitoridis, are inserted into it as far forward 

 as the junction of the latter with its fellow of the opposite side. This muscle lies to 

 the outer side of the bulbo-cavernosus muscle, (b) The levator clitoridis is arranged 

 exactly as the levator penis in the male. Each is a strong flat muscle, measuring at its 

 origin Ij inch in breadth, and is attached to the ischial bone immediately in front of 

 the tuberosity, as well as, although to a less degree, to the upper surface of the crus 

 clitoridis. The muscle passes forward, and, resting upon the dorsum of the clitoris, 

 ends in a tendon opposite the junction of the anterior and middle thirds of the clitoris, 

 which unites at once with that of the opposite side, the single tendon thus formed being 

 inserted into the dorsal surface of the glans clitoridis. 



Comparing this description of the urino-genital canal with those of other authors who 

 have dissected the Indian Elephant, we find that the principal difference lies in regard 

 to the number of openings which communicate with this canal. Hunter ' says, " At the 

 termination of the proper vagina, its cavity " (/. e. the cavity of the urino-genital canal) 

 " contracts at once almost into a blind end, in the centre of which there are three small 



' Loc. cit. p. 175. 



