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XI. On the Structure and Development of the Skull in the Urodeles. 

 By W. K. Paeker, F.E.S. 



Received June 1st, read November 16th, 1880. 



[Plates XXXVI.-XLI.] 



Introductory Eemarks. 



In the ' Philosophical Transactions ' for 1877 (part 2, plates 21-29, pp. 529-597) I 

 have given an account of the development of the skull in this group, that of Siredon 

 being worked out in several stages, that of Seironofa in the larva and adult, and the 

 skull of Proteus in the adult only. 



In a second paper treating of the skull in this group (Trans. Linn. Soc. ser. 2, Zool. 

 vol. ii. pp. 1C5-212) I have given figures and descriptions of the larval and adult skulls 

 of several more types of the tailed amphibia. 



In the present paper, through the kindness of Dr. Sclater and the late Professor A. H. 

 Garrod, F.E.S. , I am able to explain the morphology of the skull of the Menopoma 

 and of Siren lacertina (of the latter in two stages), and through Professor Flower's kind- 

 ness, to add to that of the Siehoklia. I had already provided myself with a fine series 

 of native Newts, in various stages ; and for comparison with the skull of the larger 

 kinds just mentioned I could not have had better materials. 



The reader will be able to put these three contributions together as a regular series, 

 only interrupted by some little distance of time, and by their necessary appearance in 

 the ' Transactions ' of three different Societies. 



The following works have been of great value to me in this piece of research, viz. : — 



1. Temmixck and Schlegel's description of the skull of the Great Salamander in 



' Fauna Japonica.' Leyden, 1833. 



2. Hyetl, Joseph. — On Cryptobranchus japonicus. Vienna, 1865. 



3. Huxley, T. H. — "On Menolranchus lateralis" Proceedings of the Zoological 



Society of London, 1874. 



4. Huxley, T. H. — Article "Amphibia," Enc. Brit. vol. 2, edit. ix. 



5. WiEDERSHEiM, E.. — Salaniandrina perspicillata und Geotriton fuscus. Geneva, 



1875. 



6. WiEDERSHEiM, R. — Das Kopfskelet der Urodelen. Leipzig, 1877. 



7. WiEDERSHEiM, R. — " Zur Anatomie des Amhlystoma lueismanni," Zeitschr. f. wiss. 



Zool., Bd. xxxii. Taf. 11, 12, pp. 216-236. 



8. Stohr, Philipp. — " Zur Entwickelungsgeschichte des Urodelenschadels," Zeit- 



schrift f. wiss. Zool. Bd. xxxiii. Taf. 29, 30. Leipzig, 1879. 

 VOL. XI. — PART VI. No. 1. — January, 1882. 2e 



