PEOFESSOE OWEN ON THE GENUS DINOENIS. 239 



of short, compressed processes, which may be distinguished, gradually subsiding and 

 diverging, to the fourteenth, where they appear as a forward projection from the rising 

 of the neural arch, which expands and projects as the postzygapophysis. A short 

 mesial prominence, like a rudimental neural spine, intervenes in the twelfth and 

 succeeding cervicals between the bases of the lateral homologues of the bifid spine in 

 the fifth to the eleventh vertebrae. But these homologues increase in size and height 

 of the intervening part from the fourteenth to the nineteenth vertebrae are represented 

 in the twentieth by a pair of low tuberosities on the summit of a subquadrate strong 

 process 8 lines in anterior height, while in the twenty-first vertebra the spine assumes 

 in its loftier and subcompressed form the longer and larger, superiorly truncate neural 

 spines of the fi-ee dorsals. 



The cervical vertebrae very gradually increase in size from the fifth to the ninth, but 

 show scarcely an appreciable increase of size in the four following, beyond which they 

 gradually, as before, gain in size to the twenty-first vertebra. 



As compared with the third cervical in Dinornis maxiinus\ the centrum beyond the 

 pleurapophysial processes is shorter and broader, and has no hypapophysis. The 

 hyperapophyses are relatively lower, and the neural spines shorter; the interzygapo- 

 physial foramina are present, but are relatively smaller. In the sixth cervical the 

 shorter and broader proportions of the hind half of the centrum are well marked. 



The parial hypapophyses commence as low tubercles from the parapophyses of the 

 seventh cervical, as in the sixth of D. maximus^, and gain in size, as the pleura- 

 pophyses do in length, in the succeeding cervicals as far as the thirteenth. In the 

 sixteenth cervical the lengthened hypapophyses converge, but do not meet; in 1). 

 maximus they diverge from an almost common base. In the following cervicals they 

 are represented by a single median subcompressed process. Both the twentieth and 

 twenty-first cervicals resemble the last (fifteenth) m the subject of Binornis maximus 

 described and figured in the undei'cited memoir^. 



The base of the hypapophysis in I), ^parvus is not extended lengthwise as a low ridge, 

 nor is it so circumscribed or relatively so small as in I), giganteus ; but the pair of low 

 tuberosities mark here, as in the huge species ■*, the hind border of the lower surface 

 of the centrum. The interzygapophysial ridge ceases in the nineteenth cervical of 

 B. pm-vus. The pneumatic foramen is present beneath the zygapophysial expanse 

 of the neural arch in the eight hinder cervicals. A tuberous metapophysis is developed 

 from the diapophysial part of the costal or lateral arch in all the cervicals beyond the 

 seventh. The parapophysis rises external to the preaxial articular surface in the fifth 

 and following cervicals. The articular surface of the postzygapophysis begins to change 

 a downward for a lateral aspect at the sixteenth vertebra, the change increasing to the 

 last cervical. 



' Loc. cit. p. 152, figs. 8-11. ' Loc. cit. p. 155, fig. U. 



» Loc. cit. p. 159, figs. 18, 19. ■• Loc. cit. p. 162, fig. 2-i. 



