38 PROF. OWEN ON THE ANATOMY OF THE INDIAN RHINOCEROS. 



view, together with the large caecum, appearing Uke a second stomach, occupying the 

 right iliac and lumbar regions. 



In the male Rhinoceros the thoracic and abdominal viscera were exposed by the suc- 

 cessive detachment of the ribs of the left side, together with the soft walls of the same 

 side of the thorax and abdomen. The diaphragm separatmg these two cavities extended 

 from about the seventeenth dorsal vertebra obliquely downwards and forwards, curving, 

 as it approached the ventral parietes, more rapidly towards them ; its diameter following 

 this course being four feet six inches. The length of the abdominal cavity was seven 

 feet ; its depth or antero-posterior diameter three feet six inches. The length of the 

 thoracic cavity near the spine was three feet six inches ; its depth at the most promi- 

 nent part of the convex diaphragm was two feet ; its size, contrasted in this view with 

 that of the enormous abdomen, seemed disproportionately small. 



The viscera of the abdomen which presented themselves, enumerated from the dia- 

 phragm backwards, were the free curved border and part of the upper convex surface 

 of the left lobe of the liver, partly overlapping the stomach, of which about two-thirds 

 of the greater or cardiac portion were visible. The lower free border of the spleen ex- 

 tended from below all the visible part of the great curvature of the stomach ; and the 

 thin, fatless, shrivelled epiploon was continued from beneath the spleen upon the upper 

 part of the base of the great fold of the colon above mentioned. This enormous fold 

 slipped forwards as soon as the supporting walls of the abdomen were removed, and 

 exposed the large coils of the left descending portion of the colon continued from it, 

 and below and ventrad of these were exposed some of the coils of the small intestine. 

 A part of the left kidney protruding at the angle between the cardiac end of the stomach 

 and the commencement of the descending colon, was covered by a duplicature of peri- 

 toneum extending from its ventral surface to the contiguous end of the spleen. 



The dorsal border of the left lobe of the liver was attached by a similar duplicature, 

 forming a strong ' ligamentum triangulare ' to the contiguous part of the diaphragm. 

 The length of the great fold of the colon taken in a straight line as it lay first exposed 

 was six feet six inches : some idea of its capacity may be formed from the fact that the 

 portion of the fold next the caecum could easily contain a man, with ample room for him 

 to turn about in it. But the dimensions of the alimentary canal and its several parts 

 will be subsequently given. 



