9. 

 770 MOLLUSC A— PHOL AS. 



in the body of the hardest marble. In their proper shell they assume diffe- 

 rent figures ; but, in general, they somewhat resemble a muscle, except that 

 their shell is found actually composed of five or more pieces, the smaller 

 valves serving to close up the openings left by the irregular meeting of the 

 two principal shells. But their penetration into rocks, and their residence 

 there, makes up the most wonderful part of their history. 



This animal, when divested of its shell, resembles a roundish soft pud- 

 ding, with no instrument that seems in the least fitted for boring into stones, 

 or even penetrating the softest substance. It is furnished with two teeth 

 indeed; but these are placed in such a situation, as to be incapable of touch- 

 ing the hollow surface of its stony dwelling ; it has also two covers to its 

 shell, that open and shut at either end; but these are totally unserviceable 

 to it as a miner. The instrument with which it performs all its operations, 

 and buries itself in the hardest rocks, is only a broad fleshy substance, some- 

 what resembling a tongue, that is seen issuing from the bottom of its shell. 

 With this soft, yielding instrument, it perforates the most solid marble; 

 and having, while yet little and young, made its way, by a very narrow 

 entrance into the substance of the stone, it then begins to grow bigger, and 

 thus to enlarge its apartment. 



When it has buried its body in a stone, it there continues for life at its 

 ease ; the sea- water that enters at the little aperture supplying it with luxu- 

 rious plenty. When the animal has taken too great a quantity of water, it 

 is seen to spurt it out of its hole with some violence. Upon this seemingly 

 thin diet, it quickly grows larger, and soon finds itself under a necessity 

 of enlarging its habitation and its shell. The motion of the pholas is slow 

 beyond conception ; its progi-ess keeps pace with the growth of its body; 

 and in proportion as it becomes larger, it makes its way farther into the 

 rock. When it has got a certain way in, it then turns from its former di- 

 rection, and hollows downward; till at last, when its habitation is completed, 

 the whole apartment resembles the bowl of a tobacco pipe; the hole in the 

 shank being that by which the animal entered. 



But they are not only supplied with their rocky habitation ; they have also 

 a shell to protect them ; this shell grows upon them in the body of the rock, 

 and seems a very unnecessary addition to that defence which they have 

 procured themselves by art. These shells take different forms, and are often 

 composed of a different number of valves ; sometimes six ; sometimes but 

 three ; sometimes the shell resembles a tube with holes at either end, one 

 for the mouth, and the other for voiding the excrements. 



