^^^-^^is. COMPOSITE. 



325 



2. LiATRis sPicATA, WW. (Plate XL VII.) TaU Button- Snakeroot. 



Smooth; stem strict, very leafy; leaves linear, acute, often ciliate towards the base • the 

 upper ones very short often subulate ; the lowermost elongated, 3 - 5-nerved ; heads a'bout 

 9 - 13-flowered, sessile, m a dense elongated spike ; involucre cylindrical-campanulate, obtuse 

 at the base; the numerous scales appressed, resinous, punctate, and with narrow scarious 

 (purphsh) margms, obtuse; inner ones oblong; exterior oval or ovate or roundish, short- 

 achenia ha-ry ; pappus densely barbellate. - WUld. sp. 3. p. 1636; Bot. mag. 1411 ; Eli 

 sk. 2. p. 273 ; Brtt.Jl. gard. t. 49 ; Nutt. gen. 2. p. 131 ; Torr. compend. 3 p 282 ■ Beck 

 hot. p. 175; Darlingt.fl. Cest. p. 448; DC. prodr. 5. p. 130; Torr. ^ Gr'flN.f^l^ 

 p. 73. -L. macrostachya, Mic/ix. /?. 2. n. 91 • PursJi ff 9 ■» ^n-r «» . i ■ . 



M. 9 « RiQ. .( J ; / : '■•''■' ^ ursh,ji. z.p.507, Serratula spicata, im«. 



sp. 2. p. 819; Andr. hot. rep. t. 401. 



Stem 3 - 5 feet high. Leaves extremely numerous, erect, more or less hairy on the nerves 

 underneath strongly punctate ; those of the stem about 2 lines wide and 3 - 6 mches long 

 gradually dimm.shmg m length upward, till they are only about an mch long ; radical ones 



Spikes 6-18mches long; the heads about 8 lines long: lower bracts longer, the upper 

 shorter than the heads. Flowers bright purple. Corolla slightly sprmkled^^k resiZs 

 dots ; the lobes smooth mside. Achenia about the length of the pappus 



Borders of a swamp on Staten Island, about three miles from the Quarantine. Fl. Auc^ust 

 Ihe root of th,s plant is a popular medicine, being employed as a tonic and diuretic. It is 

 one of the medicinal articles sold by the Shakers. 



3. LiATRis scARiosA, Willd. Large-jhimred ButtonSnakeToot. 



Stem a httle pubescent; leaves lanceolate, pubescent or smooth; radical ones obovate- 

 oblong, tapering mto a petiole; heads (very large) racemose or spicate, globose, 20-40- 

 flowered; scales of the involucre very numerous, obovate or spatulate, very obtuse, often 

 punctate, with more or less ciliate scarious often denticulate and colored margins, the lower 

 ones sometimes a little spreading or squarrosc, the lowest bracteolate ; achenia hairy or villous • 

 pappus plumose-barbellate.-m/W. sp. 3. p. 1635; Ell. sk. 2. p. 281 ; Bot. ma<r t 1709- 

 Bru fl.gard. t. 87 ; Bot. reg. t. 590 ; Bigel. fl. Bast. p. 293 ; Torr. compend. p. 282 ' 

 Hook. fl. Bar. -Am. 1. p. 302 ; Beck, hot. p. 175 ; Torr. 4. Gr. fl. N.Am 2 p 75 L 

 equarrulosa, aspera and spha^roidea, Micht. fl. 2. p. 92. L. scariosa and spha^ioidea' DC 

 prodr. 5. ;,. 129 6, 130. L. heterophylla, Nutt. gen. 2. p. 131. Serralula scariosa \inn 

 sp. 2. p. 818. 



Stem 2-5 feet high, stout, striate. Slem-lcaves 2 - 4 lines wide, the lilUc impressed dots 

 often so slight as to be almost imperceptible, at other times quite distinct, especially when the 

 leaves are quite smooth ; radical leaves often an inch or more in breadth. Heads varvinc 

 from few to 20 or more, uiiually on very distinct pedicels, but sometimes nearly sessile men 



