412 COMPOSITyE. HiERAciuM. 



Subtribe 2. LACTUcEiE, Cass. Receptacle not chaffy. Pappus capillary ; the bristles mostly 

 soft or fragile, not dilated or thickened at the base, nor plumose. 



49. HIERACIUM. Tourn.; DC. prodr. 7. p. 202. hawk-WEED. 



r From the Greek, kierajc, a hawk; from a strange notion, formerly very prevalent, that hawks and other birJs of prey 

 used the juice of this plant to improve their sight.] 



Heads manv-flowered. Scales of the involucre imbricated, or only in two series ; tlie outer 

 series short and somewliat calyculatc. Receptacle alveolate, or slightly pitted and fimbril- 

 late. Achenia oblong, terete or somewhat clavate, not beaked, striate or ribbed. Pappus 

 in a single series, bristly, rough, brittle, brownish while or fuscous. — Perennial herbs, with 

 entire or toothed leaves. Flowers yellow. 



^ 1. EuniERACiCM, Terr. &, Gr. Involucre imbricated : achenia usually tapering towards the base, 

 but not towards the summit. 



1. HiERACiuM Canadense, Mlchx. Sharp-toothed Hawhceed. 



Stem erect, simple or sparingly branched above, leafy ; leaves sessile, lanceolate, oblong 

 or ovate-lanceolate, acute, remotely and often incisely serrate with sharp and spreading teeth, 

 the upper ones somewhat clasping ; heads corymbose, on rigid thick peduncles ; involucre 

 smoolhish, the exterior scales mostly spreading in fruit. — Michx. fl. 2. p. 86 ; Monnier, ess. 

 Hier. p. 37 ; Torr. <^ Gr. fl. N. Am. 2. p. 475. H. virgatum, fasciculatum and macro- 

 phyllum, Pursh, fl. 2. p. 504. H. Kalmii, Spreng. syst. 3. p. 646; Bigel.Jl. Bast. p. 288 ; 

 Torr. compend. j). 280 ; Beck, bot. p. 166, not of Linn. 



Stem 1-2 feet high, rigid, stout, smoolhish or a little pubescent ; the peduncles downy. 

 Leaves numerous, 2 — 4 inches long and from half an inch to more than an inch wide, rather 

 thick and rigid, smooth above, somewhat pubescent, especially on the veins undernealh, 

 sparingly dentate with sharp spreading or divaricate teeth. Heads rather large, in a simple 

 or compound corymbose panicle ; the peduncles downy, or somewhat hispid with a stellate 

 pubescence. Flowers pale yellow; the corolla strong' v 5-toothed at the e.xtrcmily. 



Dry fields, borders of woods, etc. Highlands of INcv-York, and in the western parts of 

 the State ; rare. July — August. Easily distinguished iVom all ihe following species by its 

 few large heads, rigid peduncles, and strongly toothed leaves. 



^ 2. Stenotheca, Moun. Involucre cylindrical ; the inner scales in a single series ; the others few, 

 short and calyculate : achenia columnar or fusiform. 



2. HiERACiuji scABRUM, Michx. Rough Hawhceed. 



Stem stout, leafy, rough above, hispid below ; panicle oblong or elongated, mostly compound, 

 at length fasligialc-corymbose ; leaves mostly obovate or oval, entire or somewhat denticulate, 



