MoNOTRoPA. ERICACEAE. 457 



fl. Cest. p. 268 ; Hook. Jl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 49 ; DC. prodr. 7. p. 781. M. Morisoniana, 

 Michx. I. c. ; DC. I. c. 



Whole plant pure white, but nearly black when dry. Root roundish, consisting of densely 

 matted coralloid brittle fibres. Stems often clustered, 5-8 inches high, simple, succulent, 

 clothed with oblong or lanceolate scattered scales. Flower about three-fourths of an inch 

 long, often with several bracteate scales at the base resembling a calyx. Corolla 4-5- 

 pelalled : petals spatulale-cuneate, gibbons at the base, pubescent externally, pubescent inside. 

 Stamens rather shorter than the petals : filaments pubescent : anthers at first reniform, opening 

 by two transverse chinks. Ovary large, ovoid, acute, tapering into a short thick style : stigma 

 large, orbicular, not hairy on the margin, depressed in the centre. Capsule obtusely 5-angled : 

 placentas large and fleshy. 



Shady woods ; common. Fl. June - July, sometimes much later. Fr. September. The 

 singular form of this plant, much resembling that of a tobacco-pipe, and its pure white color 

 when fresh, make it an object of interest even to persons unacquainted with botany. It is 

 probably always parasitic on the roots of other plants, but it sometimes at least seems to have 

 a very slight connexion with them. M. Morisoniana of Michaux is doubtless a var. of this 

 species, as the flowers become erect when old. 



§2. HvpopiTHVs. Stems many-flowered ; i he flowers in a secund raceme. Plant of a musky odor. 

 2. MoNOTRopA LANUGINOSA, 31/chx. (PI. Ixxii.) Plne-sap. False Beech-drops. 



Stem, bracts and flowers pubescent ; capsule globose-ovoid. — Michx. fl. 1. p. 266; Pursh, 

 ft. I. p. 303 ; Bigel. fl Bost. p. 176 ; Ell. sk. 1. p. 478 ; Torr. fl.l. p. 430 ; Beck, bot. 

 p. 267 ; Darlingt. fl. Cest. p. 266 ; Hook. fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 49. Hipopythis lanuginosa, 

 Nutt. gen. 1. p. 271 ; DC. prodr. 7. p. 781. 



var. rubra : stem and flowers deep rose-color. 



var. glabriuscula : stem and scales nearly or quite smooth ; flowers slightly pubescent. 

 H. Europa;a, Nutt. I. c. ? Monotropa Hypopilhys, Michx., Pursh and others ? 



Root a ball of dense fleshy fibres, nearly as in the preceding species. Whole plant (except in 

 the var. rubra) of a yellowish brown or tan-color. Stems clustered, 4-8 inches high, simple ; 

 the lower part (as well as the lower scales) usually smoothLsh. Scales lanceolate-ovate ; those 

 near the root closely imbricated, scattered above. Raceme 5 - 10-flowcred, rarely compound, 

 at first incurved, with the flowers nodding, but finally erect. Pedicels much shorter than the 

 flower, elongated in fruit. Flowers 6-7 lines long, with several bracteal scales at the base 

 which resemble a calyx. Petals 4 - 6 ; the inner ones spatulatc-oblong, the outer gibbous 

 at the base. Stamens often 10 in the terminal flower, mostly 8 in the others : filaments hairy : 

 anthers reniform-pellate, opening horizontally all around. Ovary ovoid : style thick, about as 

 long as the stamens : stigma orbicular, bearded on the margin. Capsules erect. 



Moist woods, particularly under Beech trees ; rather common, var. glabriuscula, Yates 

 county {Dr. Sartwelt). July - September. The rose-colored variety flowers late in the 

 season. I strongly suspect that M. lanuginosa is not spccificall) distinct from M. Hypopilhys 

 of Europe. 



[Flora.] 58 



