Heller : PLANTS OP THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. 769 



the table land on the west side of the Waimea river, I cannot 

 vouch for the fourth. 



The deep canon of the Hanapepe river, which cuts into the 

 heart of the island, constitutes the dividing line between two of 

 these floral areas. To the east of it lies a high, heavily tim- 

 bered tract, with the lower limit of the forest at about 2,000 

 feet. Back, and a little southeast of Hanapepe falls, at an ele- 

 vation of 3,000 feet, is a bog, situated in an ancient crater, the 

 wall of which is broken down on the west side, and flanked 

 there by wet, woods. The Wahiawa river has its source in this 

 bog. The Wahiawa does not cut deep enough in the upper 

 part of its course to hinder the spread of species in an easterly 

 direction. The flora of this region is essentially different from 

 that on the west side of the Hanapepe cailon. 



The second area is situated between the Hanapepe and the 

 east fork of the Waimea river, which also cuts deeply in to- 

 wards the centre of the island. This tract is somewhat sub- 

 divided by the main tributary of the Hanapepe, which has 

 eroded a deep cailon opposite Gay & Robinson's house. This 

 stream, like the Wahiawa, does not cut deep enough near its 

 sources to make an impassible barrier to the spread of the 

 species, and many species are found in common on the ridges 

 on either side. This second area is, as a whole, much drier 

 than the first one. 



The third area is situated between the deep canons of the 

 east and west forks of the Waimea river. Here the forest 

 proper does not begin until an elevation of 4,000 feet is reached. 

 The timbered portion is mostly made up of a broad plateau, 

 which ends abruptly on the southern, or Waimea side, and is 

 sometimes called the "tabular summit." Somewhere on this 

 plateau back towards Waialeale, is located an extensive bog, 

 the " Lehua makanoe " of the natives. Near the edge of the 

 plateau is where we find Wilkesia, Raillardia latifolia, Cyanea 

 leptostegia, and other endemic Hawaiian species. 



Kauai gets the credit of being the best botanical ground on 

 the islands, but perhaps it is because collectors have spent less 

 time there than on some of the other islands. Mr. Perkins, 

 who has visited the entire group, while collecting birds and 

 insects for the British Museum, tells me that he considers 

 Molokai the best collecting ground. Although not a botanist, 

 he is a keen observer, and as many insects are found only on 

 certain plants, he has become acquainted with many of the 

 native species. From my own observation. I would say that 



