LIBRARY 

 NEW YORK 



Order GERANIALES 



By John Kunkel Small 



Herbs, shrubs or trees, sometimes succulent or tender plants ( Tropaeolaceae, 

 Bahaminaccae and Limnanthaceae) , or woody vines (some Malpighiaceae) , the 

 tissues with or without secreting glands or cells. Leaves alternate or opposite, 

 sometimes all basal, rarely reduced to mere scales or phyllodia ; blades simple 

 and entire, toothed, variously lobed or parted, or compound, the leaflets two 

 or more, palmately or pinnately disposed, or solitary. Flowers predominantly 

 perfect, sometimes polygamous or polygamo-dioecious, usually complete, reg- 

 ular or irregular, the floral envelopes borne on the torus below the gynoecium, 

 or on the edge of a hypanthium which is usually lined with a disk. Calyx 

 of distinct or rarely partially united, sometimes glandular-appendaged sepals, 

 regular, or irregular (some Geraniaceae, Tropaeolaceae, and Balsaminaceae), 

 one of the sepals being produced into a sac or spur. Corolla of distinct or 

 rarely partially united, sometimes appendaged petals, regular, or irregular 

 (some Geraniaceae, Tropaeolaceae, Balsaminaceac, some Rutaceae, and Tri- 

 gotiiaceae) , the petals being of different sizes and shapes or one of them with 

 a sac or spur at the base, rarely partially adnate to the gynoecium (Jfe/iaceae'). 

 Androecium of as many stamens as there are sepals or petals, or twice as 

 many, or rarely more, borne on the torus below the gynoecium, or on the 

 edge of or beneath the edge of a fleshy disk, sometimes partially or wholly 

 reduced to staminodia, rarely declined ; filaments distinct and sometimes 

 appendaged or partially or wholly united into a cup or tube, rarely partially 

 adnate to the gynoecium (J/eliaceae) ; anthers short or elongate, opening 

 lengthwise, sometimes appendaged, distinct or united over the top of the 

 gynoecium. Gynoecium of two or several distinct, or partially united or 

 wholly united carpels, sessile or stipitate, or rarely elevated on a columnar or 

 disk-like torus. Ovary predominantly superior, rarely partially inferior ; 

 styles terminal, lateral, or basal, sometimes adnate to an elongate central col- 

 umn ; stigmas minute or foliaceous. Ovules solitary, several, or numerous in 

 each carpel, usually borne on the inner angle of the ovary-cavity. Fruit a 

 capsule, samara, berry or drupe. Seeds with or without endosperm, some- 

 times arillate. 



Corolla with spurless petals. 



Plants without secreting glands or cells in their tissues. 

 Filaments partially united. 



Styles adnate around a column from which they break at 



maturity. Fam. 1. Geraniaceae. 



Styles not united around a central column. 

 Sepals unappendaged. 



Stamens twice as many as the sepals. 



Leaf -blades compound ; petals unappendaged. Fam. 2. Oxalidackae. 

 Leaf-blades simple ; petals appendaged. Fam. 3. Erythroxvlaceae. 



Stamens as many as the sepals. Fam. 4. LlNACEAE. 



Sepals appendaged, each bearing one or two glands 

 on the back. Genera in Fam. 10. Malpighiaceae. 



Filaments distinct. 



Calyx irregular, one sepal spurred or saccate. 



Anthers distinct ; carpels 1-ovuled. Fam. 5. Tropaeolaceae. 



Volume 25, Part 1, 1907] 



