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HINTS AND EXPLANATIONS. 19 
with the ears left on; sometimes the horns of some animals were left on. 
Sometimes a cap was made of the skin of a bird. A great variety was used 
Second, a tunic, usually made of the dressed skin of some animal, 
especially the elk, deer, antelope, and mountain sheep. In warm weather 
the tunic was rarely worn. 
Third, a breech-cloth and belt. 
Fourth, a pair of leggins. 
Fifth, a pair of moccasins. 
In excessively cold weather the Indian often wore a toga—the skin of 
a wild animal. Among some tribes this robe was made of a number of skins 
of small animals cut into strips, rolled or twisted, and woven into a loose 
fabric with the warp made of threads spun from some vegetable fiber. 
The dress of a woman consisted of a 
Small conical basket-work cap, which she used at will as a covering 
for the head or a basket in which to gather berries or carry small articles. 
A short petticoat, extending from the waist to the knees, fastened with 
a girdle. 
High moccasins, fastened with garters. 
Where the civilized dress has not been adopted, the short petticoat has 
usually been superseded by a gown made to extend from the neck to the 
feet, but without sleeves. This is fastened with a girdle about the waist. 
In the vocabulary the names of these primitive articles of dress are called 
for. The names of the articles of civilized dress should be recorded in 
Schedule 24. 
For personal adornment a great variety of ornaments were used, made 
of stone, bone, shell, wood, feathers, bills and claws of birds, claws of ani- 
mals, skins of snakes, &c., and were used as chaplets, necklaces, bracelets, 
waist-bands, and attached to the clothing in various ways. Many peculiar 
costumes were used in their religious dances and other ceremonies; the 
most common and important article in those costumes were masks. Finger- 
rings, ear-rings, nose-rings, and labrets were used; sometimes the septum 
of the nose was pierced, in which was worn a nose-stick from three to four 
inches in length and sharpened at either end. 
In this schedule only the names of primitive articles are called for. 
