36 DAKOTA GRAMMAR, TEXTS, AND ETHNOGRAPHY. 
Bya, to say anything. 
Sing. Dual. Plur. 
3. éya, he says. éyapl, they say. 
2. eha, thou sayest. ehapi, you say. 
1. epa, J say or said. unkeya, we tie say. unkeéyapi, we say. 
2. The Ihayktoyway and Titoyway forms of ‘ eya,’ in the singular and 
dual, when followed by the sign of the future, are worthy of note; as, eyin 
kta, ehin kta, epin kta, unkeyin Kta. 
3. Epéa, I think, with its compounds hepéa and kepéa, are defective, 
being used only in the first person singular. 
4. On the use of ‘eya’ and its compounds it is proper to remark that 
‘eya’ is placed after the matter expressed, while ‘heya’ immediately pre- 
cedes, it being compounded of ‘he’ and ‘eya,’ this he said. On the other 
hand, ‘keya’ comes in at the close of the phrase or sentence. It differs . 
from ‘ eya’ and ‘ heya’ in this, that, while their subject is in the same person 
with that of the verb or verbs in the same sentence, the subject of ‘keya’ 
is in a different person or the expression preceding is not in the same form, 
as regards person, as when originally used; as, mde kta, eya, I will go, he 
said; mde kta, keya, he said that I would go; heéamon kta, epa, that I will 
do, I said; heéamoy kta, kepa, J said that I would do that. Keéin and 
keéankin follow the same rule that governs keya and kepéa. 
The annexed paradigm will present, in a single view, many of the 
facts and principles which have been already presented in regard to the 
synthetic formations of active verbs. 

