PREPOSITIONS—CONJUNCTIONS. 53 
‘akan,’ and is prefixed to a very large number of verbs; as, mani, to walk, 
amani, to walk on, Gaynkaga amawani, I walk on a log. 
(b) The preposition ‘e,’ fo or at, is probably from ‘ekta,’ and is pre- 
fixed to some verbs; as, yulipa, to lay down anything one is carrying, 
eyulipa, to lay down at a place. 
(c) The preposition ‘1’ prefixed to verbs means with, for, on account of; 
as, Gekiya, to pray, iGekiya, to pray for a thing. 
(d) The preposition ‘0,’ in, is a contraction of ‘ohna,’ and is found in 
a large class of verbs; as, hnaka, to place or lay down, ohnaka, to place a 
thing iv something else. 
2. The prepositions which are either prefixed to or inserted into verbs, 
in the pronouns’ place, are ‘ki’ and ‘ kid 
(a) ‘Ki, asa preposition incorporated in verbs, means to or for; as, 
kaga, to make, kiéaga, to make to one; huwe ya, to go to bring anything, 
kihuwe ya, to go to bring a thing for one. 
(b) ‘KiG’ incorporated into verbs, means for; as, kaksa, to chop off, as 
astick; ki¢iGaksa, to chop off for one. 
§ 93. The preposition ‘i’ is prefixed to a class of adverbs giving them 
the force of prepositions. In these cases it expresses relation to or connexion 
with the preceding noun; as, tehay, far, itehay, far from any time or place; 
heyata, behind, iheyata, back of something. ‘These adverbial prepositions 
are such as: 
iako, beyond ihukuya, under itehan, far from 
iakan, upon ilieyata, behind, back of itokam, before 
iaSkaday, near to ikanyeta, down from iwaykam, above 
iGahda, by, near to ikiyeday, near to iyohakam, after 
ihakam, behind isanpa, beyond iyotaheday, between 
ihduksay, round about itakasalpa, over from iyotahepi, between 
ihektam, behind itankan, without iyotakoys, opposite to. 
CONJUNCTIONS. 
§ 94. Conjunctions in Dakota, as in other languages, are used to con- 
nect words and sentences; as, waste ka ksapa, good and wise; wiéasta SiGeéa 
koya, men and children: “Unkay Wakanytanka, Ozayzay kta, eya: unkay 
ozanzay,” And God said, ‘ Let light be:’ and light was. 
§ 95. The following is a list of the principal conjunctions, viz: wykay, 
ka and éa, and; ko and koya, also, and; uykays, kinhay and ¢inhay, kina- 
hay and Ginahay, if; esta and Sta, kes and Ges, kes and ées, although; kaes 
and ¢aes, keyas and Geyas, even if; ka is, or; tuka, but. For uykay and 
ujkays the Titonway say yuykay and yunkays, for ‘ka’ and ‘Ga’ they use 
‘na,’ and for ‘ka i,’ ‘na is.’ 
