D8 DAKOTA GRAMMAR, TEXTS, AND ETHNOGRAPHY. 
inflexion of the verb; but they are frequently used for the sake of emphasis; as, 
nisuynka he kupi he; hiya, he miye makupi (thy-brother that was-given? no, that me 
me-was-given), was that given to thy brother? no, it was given to me; ye masi wo; hiya, 
miye mde kta (to-go me-command ; no, me I-go will), send me; no, I will go myself. 
(c) When a separate pronoun is used with a noun, one being the sub- 
ject and the other the object of the same verb, the pronoun stands first ; as, 
miye mini waciy (me water I-want), I want water; niye toka kin niyuzapi 
(you enemy the you-took), the enemies took you. But when the pronoun is the 
object, as in this last example, it may stand after the noun; as, téka kin 
niye niyuzapi (enemy the you you-took), the enemies took you. 
(d) In relative clauses, the separate pronoun is placed last; as, wiéasta 
eye 
hi koy he miye (man came that me), I am the man who came; bniciyapi kin 
hena unkiyepi (you-help the those we), we are they who help you. 
(e) The adverb ‘hinéa’ is often used with the separate pronouns to 
render them more emphatic; as, miye hinéa (me very), my very selfs niye 
nitawa hinéa (thee thine very), truly thine own. 
(f/) In answering questions, the sep arate pronouns are sometimes used 
alone; as, tuwe heéoy he; miye, who did that? I; tuwe yaka he; niye, 
whom dost thou mean? thee; tuwe he kaga he; iye, who made that? he. But 
more frequently the verb is repeated in the answer with the pronouns; 
as, he tauwe kaga he; he miye wakaga (that who made? that me I-made), who 
made that? I made it; tuwe yaka he; niye ¢iéa (whom meanest-thou? thee, 
I-thee-mean), whom dost thou mean? I mean thee. 
§ 104. When the separate pronouns are used with verbs or adjectives 
the plural termination is attached to the last word. 
(a) When the pronoun stands first, it is attached to the verb or adjec- 
tive; as, ujnkiye eéoykupi, we did it; niye yakagapi, you made it; niye 
niwastepi, you are good. 
(b) When the pronoun stands last, it is attached also to the pronoun ; 
as, tona waoysidapi kin hena niyepi (as-many merciful the those you), you are 
they who are merciful. 
Agreement of Pronouns. 
§ 105. Personal pronouns, and the relative and interrogative tuwe, 
who, reter only to animate objects, and agree in person with their ante- 
cedents, which are either expressed or understood ; as, he tuwe, who is that? 
de miye, this is 1; he Dawid tawa, that is David's ; he miye mitawa, that is 
mine; he tuwe tawa, whose is that? 
