MIGRATIONS—ARGUMENT FROM NAMES. 185 
Village.” This well accords with the early history, which places them in 
the marshy parts of the country. From the head waters of the Mississippi 
they journeyed southward to the country of Swan Lake and the Blue Earth, 
and above, on the Minnesota River. Here they were found early in the 
eighteenth century, and here a portion of them still remained until after 
1850. But the great body of them had removed up to the Lake Traverse 
region before the war of 1812. The great Sisseton chief of those times was 
Red Thunder (Wakinyay duta), still spoken of by his descendants. Since 
1862 the Sisseton live on the Sisseton and Wahpeton Reservation, and at 
Devil’s Lake, both of which are in Dakota. 
YANKTON. 
The Ihanktonwan, now shortened to Yankton, were the ‘Villages of 
b] to} 
the Border.” The “End,” or “Border,” appears to have been that of the 
wooded country. Connected with them, and to be treated in the same cate- 
rt) ? 
gory, are the 
YANKTONAI. 
They were both Borderers. The name of the latter (Ihanktonwanna) 
is, in the Dakota, simply a diminutive of the former; but for more than a 
century—possibly more than two centuries—the distinction has been recog- 
nized. The Assiniboin branched off from the Yanktonai. Other divisions 
of them, reaching down to the present time, are the Sanonee* (or One 
Siders?), the Cut Heads (Pabakse); Kiyuksa or Dividers; Breakers of the 
law; the Pine Shooters (Wazikute), and the Huykpa-tina, or Hoonkpatee. 
This last name is explained in other parts of this volume. The same word 
is found in the name of one of the Teton divisions, now become somewhat 
notorious as the robber band of ‘Sitting Bull,” viz: The Huykpapa, or, as 
it is incorrectly written, Unkpapa. Both of these bands have for many 
years roamed over the Upper Missouri country—one on the east and the 
other on the west side. The name of “Pine Shooters,” by which one 
division of the Yanktonai is still called, they brought from the pine country 
of Minnesota,’ and must have retained through at least two centuries. 
As the Yankton, who now live on the Missouri River, at the Yankton 
Agency, claim to have been placed by the Taku Wakan as guardians of 
' For another explanation of this term, see ‘‘Sisitonway” in the preceding chapter, p. 158. 
2The Sanona. See p. 161, footnote.—s. 0. D. 
’The Omaha say that when their ancestors found the Great Pipe Stone Quarry, the Yankton 
dwelt east of them in the forest region of Minnesota, so they called them Ja”aqa nikaci"ga, or People 
of the forest. See 3d Rep. Bur. Eth., p. 212.—J. 0. D. 
