10 cur SHAPED AND OTHEll LAPIDAlilAN SCULPTURES. 



II. On stones connected with arcliaic habitations, as — 



7. In weems, or underground liouses, 

 ^1. In fortified buildings, 

 9. In and near ancient towns and camps, 

 10. On the surface of isolated rocks (in places probably once 

 inhabited). 



III. On isolated stones. 



Professor Simpson reduces tlie forms of the sculptures in question to 

 seven elementary types, here reproduced and comprised under Fig. 1, in 

 which each type is distinctly indicated. I also briefly present such extracts 

 from the author's accompanying explanations as will serve to afford addi- 

 tional information on the subject. 



FiEST TYPE.— Single cups. — They are the simplest type of these ancient 

 stone-cuttings. Their diameter varies from one inch to three inches and 

 more, while they are often only half an inch deep, but rarely deeper than 

 an inch or an inch and a half They commonly appear in different sizes on 

 the same stone or rock, and although they sometimes form the only sculpt- 

 ures on a surface, they are more frequently associated with figures of a 

 different character. He observes that they are in general scattered without 

 order over the surface, but that occasionally four or five or more of them 

 are placed in more or less regular groups, exhibiting a constellation-like 

 arrangement. 



Second type. — Cups surrounded by a sinr/h ring. — The incised rings are 

 usually much shallower than the cups, and mostly surround cups of com- 

 paratively large size. The ring is either complete or broken, and in the 

 latter case it is often traversed by a radial groove which runs from the cen- 

 tral cup through and even beyond the ring. 



TrnRD TYPE.— Cwps surrounded hy a series of concentric complete rings. — 

 "In this complete annular form," says Professor Simpson, "the central cup 

 is generally more deeply cut than the surrounding rings, but not ahA'ays." 

 The number of rings varies from two to seven, or even more. 



Fourth type. — Ctips surrounded' hy a series of concentric hut incomplete 

 rings, Jiaving a straight radial groove.— Tins type, Professor Sin)pson thinks, 

 constitutes, perhaps, the most common form of the circular carvings. The 



