12 CUPSUAPED AND OTDEE LAPJDAEIAN SCDLPTUEES. 



in which they are grouped, I give in Fig. 3 (copied from Plate XXIII 

 of Simpson's work) views of sculptured rock-surfaces at Auchnabreach, 

 Argyleshire, Scotland. Simple cups, cups surrounded by one ring or by 

 concentric rings with radial grooves, and spirals, appear here promiscuously 

 mingled. Fig. 4, taken from Simpson's work (Plate XVII, 3), exhibits 

 isolated as well as connected cups, a cup surrounded by a ring, and con- 

 centric rings with radial grooves, on a standing stone (menhir) belonging to 

 a group of seven at Ball3-menach, in the parish of Kilmichael-Glassary, in 

 Argyleshire, Scotland. 



In the many examples of rock-sculpture mentioned and illustrated by 

 designs by Professor Simpson, groups of simple cups appear not very fre- 

 quently as the only markings on a stone-surface; in most cases, as exemplified 

 by Figures 3 and 4, they are accompanied with cups surrounded by rings 

 or associated with other figures of a more or less complex character. But 

 in view of the occurrence of simple cups on stones and rocks in North 

 America, I will, for the present, direct my attention to corresponding sculp- 

 tures in the Old World, and briefly enumerate the stones noticed by the 

 Scottish savant on which the cup-like cavities appear unmixed with other 

 figures, excepting the before-mentioned grooves by which they are now and 

 then connected. These simple carvings, it will be seen, mostly occur on 

 stones of megalithic monuments. 



1- — Prop-stone of a dolmen at Lancresse, in the Island of Guernsey. 

 It shows eleven cups of from three to four inches diameter, arranged in a 

 row close to one of the edges of the stone and following its curvature 

 (Simpson, Plate VIII, :>). 



2. — Cap-stone of a dolmen in the vicinity of the village of Ratho, 

 in Edinburghshire, Scotland. On its upper surface is sculptured a row of 

 twenty cups, which runs in a straight median line from one end of the stone 

 to the other. In addition, there is a cup placed on either side of the central 

 row. The largest cups measure about three inches in diameter, and are 

 half an inch deep. The cap-stone is a block of secondary basalt, or whin- 

 stone, about twelve feet long, ten in breadth, and two in thickness (Simpson, 

 Plate IX, 1). 



3. — Cap-stone of a dolmen near tlie village of Clynnog Fawr, in Caer- 



