34 CUP-SHAPED AND OTHER LAPIDARIAN SCULPTURES. 



sentation of a portion of the Chandeshvvar rock. The cups, it will be 

 noticed, are mostly of the simple type, and only exceptionally surrounded 

 by single rings or connected by grooves. Somewhat more elaborate 

 combinations were seen by the explorer upon other portions of the same 

 rock. "From the villagers and from the old priest at the temple hard by 

 no information was to be obtained of the origin of these markings, beyond 

 'that they were so old that the oldest man in the village had no knowledge 

 of who had made them, nor had they been made in the time of their 

 fathers' fathers, but they were most probably the work of the giants or the 

 goalas (hei'dsmen) in days gone by.'"* 



It may not be superfluous to state in this place that "Mahadeo" 

 (Mahadeva) is one of the many names given to Siva, the third in the 

 Trimurti or Hindoo triad. Moor characterizes him in these words : "He is 

 Time, the Sun ; he is Fire, the destroyer, the generator. His consort, Bha- 

 vani, is the symbol of created nature, and in that character named Pracriti. 

 As the deity presiding over generation, his type is the Linga, the origin 

 probably of the Phallic emblem of Egypt and Greece. As the Glod of Jus- 

 tice, which character he shares with Yama and other deities, he rides a bull, 

 the symbol of divine justice. He holds, as his commonest attribute, a 

 trident, called Tristila, in this, and in some other points, resembling our 

 Neptune: his consort also has a relationship to water, although Vishnu be 

 generally the deity presiding over humidity. - - - As emblems of 

 immortality, serpents are a common ornament with many deities; but 

 Mahadeva seems most abundantly bedecked with them : bound in his hair, 

 round his neck, wrists, waist, ai-ms, and legs, as well as for rings, snakes 

 are his constant attendants."t 



Mahadeo is worshiped by the Hindoo sect called the Saivas under 

 the form of a phallus, sometimes represented by an upright stone pillar, 

 more or less modified by art, but often in the same shape, in conjunction 

 with the Yoni, the female organ of generation, and the special emblem of 

 Bhavani. These symbolic representations are seen in Hindoostan of all 

 sizes, from a large, rudely-executed sculpture to a diminutive object of art; 

 but they generally present a conventional shape, in which the uninitiated 



* Eivett-Camac : Archieological Notes, etc. ; p. 3. 

 tMoor: The Hindu Pantheon; London, 1810, p. 36. 



