EAU.i INDIA. 37 



est when considered in connection with the rock-cuttings and shrines at 

 Chandeshwar, fifteen miles distant* 



Mr. Eivett-Carnac refers to a letter received in 1877 from a gentleman 

 then in India, Mr. Campbell of Islay, who is much interested in the sub- 

 ject of Scottish rock-markings. Being at Ayodhya with a Hindoo who 

 spoke good English, Mr. Campbell procured a fakir, and drew on the sand 

 t^vo concentric circles with a dot in the middle, asking what the figure meant. 

 The fakir at once answered "Mahadeo." He then drew a similar figure 

 with a radial line beginning in the centre, and received the same answer. 

 The meaning of these figures, Mr. Campbell says, is famiharly known 

 throughout India. At Delhi he learned from a friend that they are chalked 

 on stones in Kangra (Punjab) bypeople marching in marriage-processions.f 

 This fact is certainly significant, to say the least. Professor Desor, more- 

 over, states, probably on the strength of private communications from Mr. 

 Rivett-Carnac,t that Hindoo women carry, in pilgrimages, water from the 

 Ganges to the mountains of the Punjab, for the purpose of besprinkling 

 with it these signs in the temples, where they invoke the divinity to bestow 

 on them the favor of motherhood (page 34). 



The final conclusions arrived at by Mi*. Rivett-Carnac are summed up 

 in the closing paragraph of his article on the snake symbol in India, written 

 subsequently to his investigations in Nagpoor and Kumaon. 



"I may add in conclusion," he observes, "that no one who has been 

 in this country and who has noticed the monolith Mahadeos of the "Western 

 Ghats of the Himalayas and other parts of India, can fail to be struck with 

 the resemblance that the menhirs of Carnac iu Brittany and its neighbor- 

 hood bear to the Siva emblems of India. I visited these remarkable 

 remains when at home last year, and was quite taken aback by their resem- 

 blance to well-known Indian types. The monoliths of Scotland covered 

 with what I beUeve to be 'Mahadeo' symbols are of the same class. Added 

 to this, in the recesses of the Pyrenees, the people whose language suggests 

 their descent from the tribes who erected the tumuli and menhirs, not only 

 in this neighborhood, but also in other parts of Europe, still prescribe tra- 



* Rivett-Camao : AichiEoIogical Notes, etc.; p. 5. tibid., p. 15. 



t Professor Desor alludes to a correspoudence with Mr. Eivett-Carnac (Correspondenz-Blatt der 

 Deutschen Anthropologischen Gesellschaft, 1877, S. 127). 



