OBA PTE Rd. 
THE LAW OF HOSPITALITY AND ITS GENERAL PRACTICE. 
When America was discovered in its several parts the Indian tribes 
were found in dissimilar conditions. The least advanced tribes were with- 
out the art of pottery, and without horticulture, and were, therefore, in sav- 
agery. But in the arts of life they were advanced as far as is implied by its 
Upper Status, which found them in possession of the bow and arrow. Such 
were the tribes in the Valley of the Columbia, in the Hudson Bay Terri- 
tory, in parts of Canada, California, and Mexico, and some of thé coast 
tribes of South America. The use of pottery, and the cultivation of maize 
and plants, were unknown among them. They depended for subsistence 
upon fish, bread, roots, and game. The second class were intermediate 
between them and the Village Indians. They subsisted upon fish and game 
and the products of a limited horticulture, and were in the Lower Status of 
barbarism. Such were the Iroquois, the New England and Virginia Indians, 
the Creeks, Cherokees, and Choctaws, the Shawnees, Miamis, Mandans, 
Minnitarees, and other tribes of the United States east of the Missouri River, 
together with certain tribes of Mexico and South America in the same con- 
dition of advancement. Many of them lived in villages, some of which 
were stockaded, but village life was not as distinctive and common among 
them as it was among the most advanced tribes. The third class were the 
Village Indians proper, who depended almost exclusively upon horticulture 
for subsistence, cultivating maize and plants by irrigation. They con- 
structed joint tenement houses of adobe bricks and of stone, usually more 
than one story high. Such were the tribes of New Mexico, Mexico, Cen- 
tral America, and upon the plateau of the Andes. These tribes were in the 
Middle Status of barbarism. 
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