CHEAP Re: LAPT. 
COMMUNISM IN LIVING. 
We are now to consider the remaining usages and customs named in 
the last chapter. 
THEIR COMMUNISM IN LIVING. 
Communism in living had its origin in the necessities of the family, 
which, prior to the Later Period of barbarism, was too weak an organization 
to face alone the struggle of life. In savagery and in the Older and the 
Middle Period of barbarism the family was in the syndyasmian or pairing 
form, into which it had passed from a previous lower form.' Wherever the 
gentile organization prevailed, several families, related by kin, united as « 
rule in a common household and made a common stock of the provisions 
acquired by fishing and hunting, and by the cultivation of maize and plants. 
They erected joint tenement houses large enough to accommodate several 
families, so that, instead of a single family in the exclusive occupation of a 
single the house, large households as a rule existed in all parts of America in 
the aboriginal period. This community of provisions was limited to the 
household; but a final equalization of the means of subsistence was in some 
measure affected by the law of hospitality. ‘To a very great extent com- 
munism in living was a necessary result of the condition of the Indian 
tribes. It entered into their plan of life and determined the character of 
their houses. In effect it was a union of effort to procure subsistence, which 
was the vital and commanding concern of life. The desire for individual 
accumulation had not been aroused in their minds to any sensible extent. 
It is made evident by a comparison of the conditions of barbarous tribes on 
1 Ancient Society, p. 459. 
63 
