174. HOUSES AND HOUSE-LIFE OF THE AMERICAN ABORIGINES. 
carried up two stories high, the third row three stories, and so on to the 
number of five stories for the main building and four for each wing. The 
external wall rose forty or fifty feet where the structure was five stories 
high and but ten feet on the court side, including a low parapet wall, where 
the structure was but one story high. There was no entrance to these great 
structures in the ground story. After getting admission within the court, 
they ascended to the roof of the first row of apartments by means of lad- 
ders, and in the same way, by ladders, to each successive story. As the 
second story receded from the first, the third from the second, and so on, 
each successive story made a great step ten feet high. The apartments 
were entered through trap-doors in the roof of each story, the descent being 
by ladders inside. In some places, without doubt, the upper stories were 
entered by doorways from the roof of the story in front. 
The two wings are a mass of ruins. Pit-holes along the summit show 
the forms of the rooms, with plain traces of the original walls here and 
there, and excavations, made by curious settlers, have opened a number of 
rooms in the ground story of one of the wings. These we entered and 
measured. Some of the rooms were faced with stone, 7. ¢., we found a stone 
wall regularly laid up, like the one in the main building, as will else- 
where be shown. Some of the walls in these rooms were of cobblestone 
and adobe; others were of stone with natural faces and cobblestone inter- 
mixed. We saw no wall of adobe brick alone. The fallen walls formed a 
mass about twelve feet deep over the site of the wings, being the deepest 
on the outside and thinning out on the court side. 
The mass of material used in the construction of these edifices was 
very great and surprises the beholder. It is explained in part by the thick- 
ness of the walls. We measured a number of them. They were two feet 
four inches, two feet six inches, two feet nine inches, three feet, and in rare 
cases three feet six inches thick. None measured less than two feet. 
The main building was originally the best constructed part of the edifice, 
it may be supposed, because a part of it now remains standing. The walls 
of the first story, of some part of the second, and, in some places, of a part of 
the third story, forming the second row of apartments from the outside, are 
still standing, and rise about twenty-five feet from the ground. The meas- 
