250 



NATURE 



\jfan. 13. 1 88 1 



From this point of view it will be instructive to com- 

 pare the native of Pora, Mentawey Group (Fig. 19), with 

 the Battas of Pak-Pak, Sumatra (Figs. 20 and 21), all 

 from von Rosenberg's " Malay Archipelago," vol. i. pp. 

 56 and 192. Owing to their splendid physique and 

 "Caucasian features" Jun^huhn and Van Leent take 



these Sumatran Battas as the typical unmixed or pre-Malay 

 element in the Archipelago, whom they would accordingly 

 group collectively as the Batta race. The form Battak 

 often occurs, but this is simply the plural of Batta, so that 

 to write Battaks, as many do, is a solecism. Compared 

 with the Malays proper, the Battas are tall and muscular. 



of Batta Land. 



with regular features, less prominent cheek-bones, light- 

 brown complexion, with a ruddy tinge on the cheeks, 

 finer hair, often brown and wavy, thicker beard. When 

 in Jilolo in 1876 M. Achille Raffray met so:ne so-called 

 "Alfuros" of Dodinga, who might be taken as typical 

 specimens of this Batta or Indonesian r.ice [Tniiy dn 



Mondf, April 12, 1879, p. 234). We therefore separate 

 this Batta, Indonesian or Pre-Malay element in the 

 Archipelago from the Malay element proper, affiliating 

 the former to the Indo-Chinese and Eastern Pacific 

 Caucasians, the latter to the Indo-Chinese Mongolians. 

 Whether the Caucasians are found in other parts of East 



f I aV P-ik Batta Latid. 



Asii is a question that cannot here be discussed, but it 

 may be remarked that even the cautious Topinard ventures 

 to include "the Ainos of Japan, the Miau-Tz' and the 

 Lolos of Yunnan in the European group" ("Anthropo- 

 logy," p. 476). 



C. MONGOLIAN TYPE 



VI. Continental Branch : hido-Chinese Group. 



VII. Oceanic Branch : Malayan Groups. 



The main features of the continental branch of this 

 division are too well known to need special comment 

 here. What we are more immediately concerned with is 

 its relation to the Oceanic section, and this relation will 

 come out the more clearly if both are treated together. 

 To avoid misconception, it may be well to observe that 

 a portion only of the Continental branch is comprised in 

 the Indo-Chinese group; for there are many other groups, 

 such as the Mongolian proper, the Manchurian, the Tatar 

 or Tirrkic, the Japanese, the Corean, the Finnic scattered 

 over the greater part of Asia and penetrating westwards 

 to the Baltic seaboard and Middle Danube basin. All 

 these must be held, apart from the question of miscigen- 

 ation, to belong to one primeval stock, constituting the 

 Yello.v or Mongolian division of the human family. We 

 are all familiar with its essential characteristics : flat and 

 broad features, prominent cheek-bones, short broad and 

 flat nose, black almond-shaped and oblique eyes, long 

 black and lank hair nearly cylin.Irical in section, little or 

 no beard, low stature averaging about 5 feet 4 inches, dirty 

 yellow or tawny complexion, slightly prognathous and 

 more or less brachycephalous head. 



This description corresponds substantially with the 

 ordinary Malay type, such as we see it in Java, Bali, 

 Miclura, many parts of Sumatra, round the coast of 

 Borneo, and in the peninsula of Malacca. The true 

 aborigines of this region, as shown in a previous section, 

 were the Xej;ritos ; consequently the Malays, like the 



