NATORE 
2 
[APRIL 18;er@r2 
advice to landowners and others interested in 
Owing to inadequate resources, institutions 
forestry departments have hitherto 
nical 
forestry. 
possessing 
instruction to students. It is now proposed to attach 
an experienced forest expert to the forestry depart- 
ments of two universities and three colleges, whose 
chief duty will be to supply to landowners and others 
advice as to the general and detailed working of their | 
woods. Each institution will, therefore, become for 
a given district a centre for information, to which 
application may be made on all questions relating 
to the formation, treatment, utilisation, and protection 
of woods. 
THE annual meeting of the Iron and Steel Institute 
will be held at the Institution of Civil Engineers, 
Westminster, on May 9 and to, commencing each 
day at 10.30 a.m. At the morning meeting on the 
first day, the retiring president, the Duke of Devon- 
shire, will induct into the chair the president-elect, 
Mr. Arthur Cooper; the Bessemer gold medal for 
1912 will be presented to Mr. J. H. Darby; and the 
president will deliver his inaugural address. On the 
morning of May 10, the Andrew Carnegie gold medal 
for 1911 will be presented to Dr. P. Goerens, of 
Aachen, and the award of research scholarships for 
the current year will be announced. Among the 
papers to be read and discussed during the meeting 
the following may be mentioned :—Dr. J. O. Arnold 
will deal with the chemical and mechanical relations 
of iron, vanadium, and carbon; Sir Hugh Bell, Bart., 
will described a bloom of Roman iron from Corstopi- 
tum (Corbridge); Mr. C. Chappell will discuss the 
influence of carbon on corrosion; and Dr. J. N. 
Friend, J. L. Bentley, and W. West the corrosion of 
nickel, chromium, and nickel-chromium steels and 
the mechanism of corrosion. Sir Robert A. Hadfield, 
F.R.S., will describe Sinhalese iron and steel of 
ancient origin, and Dr. H. Nathusius, of Frieden- 
shiitte, Upper Silesia, the improvements in electric 
steel furnaces and their application in the manufac- 
ture of steel. 
In the House of Commons on April 1o Mr. Lewis 
Harcourt, Colonial Secretary, announced that the 
terms of reference to the Royal Commission on the 
Trade Resources of the Empire are as follows :—To 
inquire into and report upon the natural resources of 
the Dominion of Canada, the Commonwealth of Aus- 
tralia, the Dominion of New Zealand, the Union of 
South Africa, and the Colony of Newfoundland; and, 
further, to report upon the development of such re- 
sources, whether attained or attainable; upon the 
facilities which exist or may be created for the produc- 
tion, manufacture, and distribution of all articles of 
commerce in those parts of the Empire; upon the 
requirements of each such part and of the United 
Kingdom in the matter of food and raw materials, 
and the available sources of such; 
each such part of the Empire with the other parts, 
with the United Kingdom, and with the rest of the 
world; upon the extent, if any, to which the mutual 
trade of the several parts of the Empire has been or | 
is being affected beneficially or otherwise by the laws 
now in force, other than fiscal laws, and, generally, 
NO. 2216, VOL. 89] 
Re=))) 
stricted their attention for the most part to imparting | 
upon the trade of | 
| to suggest any methods, consistent always with the 
existing fiscal policy of each part of the Empire, by ] 
which the trade of each part with the others and with 
the United Kingdom might be improved and ex. 
tended. 
WE record with regret the death on April 12 ofl 
Dr. William Ogle, a distinguished statistician and _ 
physician, in his eighty-fifth year. He held the office 
of superintendent of statistics in the department of the 
Registrar-General of Births, Deaths, and Marriages for | 
England and Wales from 1880 to 1903, in succession | 
to Dr. William Farr. In that capacity he continued 
the practice of his predecessor by contributing to 
every annual report of the Registrar-General a memoir 
on sume subject of interest arising out of his ree 
searches. He became a member of the Statistical 
Society in 1885, served on its council, and contributed — 
papers on the alleged depopulation of the rural dis- 
tricts of England, on marriage rates and marriage 
ages with reference to the growth of population, and 
on the trustworthiness of the old bills of mortality. 
In 1891 the well-deserved compliment was paid to- 
him of election to the Athenzeum under rule 2 of that 
club, as distinguished in science and for his public 
services. He was also a member of the Institut Inter- 
national de Statistique. His services to medical 
é%. om 
urgical Society, lecturer and physician at St. George’s — 
Hospital, medical officer of health, and in other posi- 
tions, were conspicuous, and he contributed to medical 
literature translations of Aristotle and other works. 
He belonged to a medical family, being a son of the 
Regius professor of medicine at Oxford. There he 
took the degree of M.D. He became a fellow of the 
Royal College of Physicians in 1806. In_ official, 
scientific, and academic circles he was _ highly © 
esteemed, and many friends will mourn his loss. 4 
In the January-February issue of L’ Anthropologie 
MM. Breuil and Obermaier contribute an account of 
the operations of L’Institut de Paléontologie 
Humaine, recently founded by that enthusiastic student 
of the sciences, Prince Albert I. of Monaco. Its 
work is at present largely devoted to an exploration | 
of those caves in the Spanish peninsula which were 
occupied by primitive man. That at Valle, in the 
province of Santander, has produced some harpoons | 
of the Azilian and Magdalenian periods, and a bone 
engraved with a group of horses. From the Hornos 
de la Pefia cave we have a frontal bone of a horse, — 
with a drawing of that animal. The newly dis- 
covered cave containing frescoes at La Pasiéga sup- 
plies drawings of a stag and a chamois. Of special 
interest are the sketches of primitive hunters pur- 
suing stags with their bows and arrows, and some 
rudely conventional representations of human beings 
from caves in Almeria, Andalusia, and Murcia. The 
Institute founded by Prince Albert has thus under- 
taken a wide scheme of exploration which is sure 
to supply material of the highest importance to 
students of primitive man. 
M. J. Decuetetre, in L’Anthropologie for January- 
February, suggests a new interpretation of the origin 
of the spiral carvings at the grave-mounds of New — 
Grange and Gayr Inis, which Mr. G. Coffey and 
