Part 2, 1915] CARDUACEAE: HELENIEAE 



10. Tetraneuris Torreyana i Xutt.) Greene, Pittonia3: 265. 1898. 



Actinella Torreyana Xutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Sue II. 7: 379. 1841. 



Actinella glabra A. Nelson, First Rep. PI. Wyo. 137. 1896. Not .1. glabra Nutt. 1841. 



An acaulcscent cespitose perennial, with a thick caudex, forming tussocks; caudex covered 



witli leaf-remnants and tufts of brown hairs; leaves sparingly long pilose when young, 



glabrate and conspicuously punctate, narrowly linear-spatulate, 2-5 cm. long, 1-3 mm. wide; 



scape 2-5 cm. (rarely 5-8 cm.) long, villous; involucre 7-10 mm. high, 10-12 mm. broad; 



bracts linear-oblong, obtuse, scarious-margined, sometimes tinged with red; ligules 10-12 



mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide; disk-corollas 4 mm. long; tube about 1 mm. long; achenes d 



hirsute, 3 mm. long; squamellae lance-ovate, acuminate, 3 mm. long. 



Typk LOCALITY: "Three Buttes" of the Upper Platte [Wyoming]. 

 Distribution: Colorado. Wyoming, and Utah. 



11. Tetraneuris herbacea Greene, Pittonia 3: 268. 1898. 



Actinella scaposa glabra A. Gray, Man. ed. 5. 263. 1867. 

 Actinella acaulis glabra A. Gray, Man. ed. 6. 287. 1890. 

 Actinea herbacea B. L. Robinson, Rhodora 10: 68. 1908. 



A cespitose but not pulvinate acaulescent perennial; caudex only sparingly long-hairy; 



leaves narrowly linear-oblanceolate, 4-8 cm. long, 3-6 mm. wide, sparingly villous but soon 



glabrate and punctate; scape 10-15 cm. high, villous-pilose above; involucre 7-8 mm. high, 



15—1 S mm. wide, villous; bracts elliptic-oblong, barely scarious-margined; ligules 10-15 



mm. long, 5-6 mm. wide, the veins 6-12, partly disconnected; disk-corollas 5 mm. long, 



glandular-puberulent; achenes 3 mm. long, densely hirsute; squamellae ovate, acute or obtuse, 



2 mm. long. 



Type locality: Central Illinois. 



Distribution: Illinois to Ohio. 



Illustration: Britt. & Brown. 111. Fl. ed. 2./. 4540. 



12. Tetraneuris arizonica Greene, Pittonia 3 : 266. 1898. 



Tetraneuris pilosa Greene; Rydb. Fl. Colo. 378. 1906. 



An acaulescent cespitose-pulvinate perennial; branches of the caudex densely covered 

 by remnants of old leaves and copious long hairs at first white, in age brown; leaves densely 

 clustered, linear-oblanceolate, 3-6 cm. long, 2-5 mm. (seldom 6 mm.) wide, sparingly long- 

 silky, in age glabrate; scape 5-15 cm. (rarely 15-20 cm.) long, more or less silky-pilose; involucre 

 7-8 mm. high, 12-15 mm. broad, more or less densely villous; bracts oval or elliptic, obtuse, 

 often tinged with red on the margins; ligules about 10 mm. long, 5-6 mm. wide; disk-corollas 

 4 mm. long; tube very short; achenes densely hirsute, 3-3.5 mm. long; squamellae broadly 

 obovate, 2 mm. long, abruptly contracted into an awn. 



Type locality: Treadwell, Arizona. 



Distribution: Colorado and New Mexico to Nevada and Arizona. 



13. Tetraneuris Crandallii Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 32: 127. 1905. 



An acaulescent cespitose-pulvinate perennial; branches of the caudex densely white- 

 hairy; leaves narrowly linear-oblanceolate, 4-6 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, sparingly long-hairy, 

 soon glabrate; scape 1-3 dm. long, sparingly strigose; involucre about 8 mm. high, 10-12 mm. 

 broad, sparingly silky-villous; ligules about 15 mm. long, 5-8 mm. wide; bracts linear-oblong; 

 disk-corollas 4 mm. long; achenes densely hirsute, 4 mm. long; squamellae ovate, abruptly 

 acuminate into an awn; body 1.5-2 mm. long. 



Type locality: Grand Junction, Colorado. 

 Distribution: Colorado. 



14. Tetraneuris epunctata A. Nelson, Bot. Gaz. 37: 275. 1904. 



Tetraneuris glabra Greene. Pittonia 3: 268, in part. 1898. Not Actinella glabra Xutt. 1841. 

 Tetraneuris glabriuscula Rvdb. Bull. Torrey Club 33: 155. 1906. 

 Actinella epunctata A. Nelson; Coult. & Nels. Man. 560. 1909. 



An acaulescent cespitose perennial; leaves crowded, glabrate and bright-green, incon- 

 spicuously if at all punctate, linear-oblanceolate, 2-4 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, scarcely at all 



