Part 2, 1915J CARDUACEAE : HELENIEAE 109 



3-toothed, with 4 principal and a few additional veins. Disk-flowers numerous, hermaphro- 

 dite and fertile; corollas glabrous except the lobes; tube very short; throat elongate, cam- 

 panulatc-cylindric; lobes 5, glandular-hispidulous. Anthers with triangular tips. Style-tips 

 truncate, penicillate. Achenes obpyramidal, silky-hirsute, 5-angled. Pappus of 5 lance- 

 subulate or linear-lanceolate attenuate squamcllae with faint midrib. 

 Type species, Actinella grandiflora T. & G. 



Basal leaves all dissected; plant villous. 1. R. grandiflora. 



Basal leaves, at least some of them, simple; plant more glabrate. 2. R. Brandegei. 



1. Rydbergia grandiflora (T. & G.) Greene, Pittonia 3: 270. 189S. 



Actinella grandiflora T. & G.; A. Gray, Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist. 5: 110. 1845. 

 Ptilepida grandiflora Rose, Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3: 570. 1896. 



A perennial, with a tap-root; stems 1-4 from the same root, villous, 2-3 dm. high, striate; 

 leaves 5-10 cm. long, once or twice ternately or quinately dissected into linear divisions, only 

 the uppermost entire; peduncles 5-10 cm. long; involucre depressed-hemispheric, in age 

 almost rotate, 2-4 cm. in diameter; bracts linear, acuminate, densely villous; ligules bright- 

 yellow, 15-22 mm. long, 3-5 mm. wide; disk-corollas 5 mm. long, the tube only 1 mm. long; 

 achenes 4 mm. long, densely silky- villous ; squamellae lance-subulate, attenuate, 5 mm. long. 



Type locality: Wind River Mountains [Wyoming]. 

 Distribution: Mountains of Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming. 

 Illustration: Clements, Rocky Mt. Fl. pi. 41. f. 7. 



2. Rydbergia Brandegei (Porter) Rydb. Bull. Torrey Club 33: 156. 



1906". 



Actinella grandiflora glabrala Porter; Porter & Coult. Syn. Fl. Colo. 76. 1S74. 

 Actinella Brandegei Porter; A. Gray, Proc Am. Acad. 13: 373. 1878. 

 Rydbergia glabrala Greene, Pittonia 3: 270. 1898. 



A perennial, with a tap-root and a somewhat cespitose caudex; stem solitary from each 



branch of the caudex, 1-2 dm. high, sparingly villous; leaves 5-10 cm. long, either entire and 



linear or 3-parted into linear divisions, glabrate or sparingly hairy; peduncles 3-7 cm. long, 



somewhat villous; involucre depressed-hemispheric, densely brown- villous, 1.5-2 cm. broad; 



bracts linear, attenuate; ligules 10-18 mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide; disk-corollas 4 mm. long; 



achenes 3 mm. long; squamellae lead-colored, about 2 mm. long, linear-lanceolate, attenuate. 



Type locality: Sangre de Cristo Pass, Colorado. 

 Distribution: Southern Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona. 



62. MACDOUGALIA A. Heller, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 629. 1898. 



Perennial caulescent herbs, with multicipital caudex, more or less floccose when young. 

 Leaves alternate, narrow, entire, neither impressed-punctate nor glandular, the basal ones 

 crowded and their bases persistent on the caudex. Heads solitary, terminal, radiate. In- 

 volucre hemispheric; bracts in two series, 12-16 in each, the inner slightly longer, lanceo- 

 late, awn-pointed, all distinct and slightly membranous on the margins below. Receptacle 

 broad, obtusely conic. Ray-flowers 12-16, pistillate, fertile; ligules yellow, cuneate, 3- or 

 4-toothed, 4- or 5-nerved. Disk-flowers many, hermaphrodite and fertile; corolla-tube very 

 short, glandular; throat elongate, tubular below, widening upward; lobes 5, glandular-hispid. 

 Anther-tips triangular. Style-branches truncate and penicillate at the apex. Achenes ob- 

 pyramidal, densely pubescent, 5-angled. Pappus of 5 subulate-lanceolate, hyaline, nerveless, 

 attenuate, and awn-pointed squamellae. 



Type species, Actinella Bigelovii A. Gray. 



1. Macdougalia Bigelovii (A. Grav) A. Heller, Bull. Torrev Club 



25: 629. ' 1898. 



Actinella Bigelovii A. Gray, PI. Wright. 2: 96. 1S53. 



A perennial multicipital herb; stems 2-4 dm. high, loosely floccose when young, striate; 

 leaves narrowly linear, 5-10 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide; peduncles 5-15 cm. long; involucre 



