Part 2, 1915] CARDUACEAE : HELENIEAE 119 



pistillate or neutral; ligules usually broad, euneate and deeply lobed, 

 yellow or partly or wholly purplish. Disk-corollas yellow or the upper part 

 purplish or brown; tube glabrous, very short, less than one-fifth as long as 

 the cylindric, or eylindro-funnelform or cylindro-campanulate tube (except 

 in Dugaldia) . Achenes obpyramidal, usually hairy. Pappus of 5-10 squamel- 

 lae or in Hecubaea wanting. 



Receptacle not bristly. 



Involucral bracts all herbaceous. 



Involucral bracts united at the base into a cup; pappus wanting or 



minute. 65. Hecubaea. 



Involucral bracts distinct; pappus present, usually conspicuous. 



Disk -corollas with a comparatively long tube; leaves not decurrent; 



bracts tardily reflexed. 66. Dugaldia. 



Disk-corollas with a very short tube or no tube; leaves mostly de- 

 current; bracts early reflexed. 67. Helenium. 

 Inner involucral bracts scarious, resembling the pappus-squamellae. 68. Amblyolepis. 

 Receptacle bristly. 69. Gaillardia. 



65. HECUBAEA DC. Prodr. 5: 665. 1836. 



Perennial caulescent herbs with rootstocks. Leaves alternate, entire, oblanceolate. 

 Heads radiate, solitary on long peduncles, which are gradually enlarged under the involucres. 

 Involucre rotate; bracts lance-subulate, in two series, united below, spreading or in fruit reflexed, 

 the inner longer. Receptacle plane, naked. Ray-flowers many, pistillate, fertile; ligules yel- 

 low, euneate, somewhat irregularly 3-5-cleft, rarely monstrous and 2-lipped. Disk-flowers 

 very numerous, hermaphrodite and fertile; corolla-tube short; throat cylindro-campanulate; 

 lobes 5, ovate, glandular-hispidulous. Anthers with ovate tips. Style-branches with trun- 

 cate hispidulous tips. Achenes obpyramidal, 5-angled, glabrous. Pappus wanting, or a 

 crown of minute truncate erose squamellae. 



Type species, Hecubaea scorzoneraefolia DC. 



1. Hecubaea scorzoneraefolia DC. Prodr. 5: 665. 1836. 



Helenium s cor zonerae folium A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 359. 1868. 



Helenium scorzoneraefolium Ghiesbrechtii A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 359. 1868. 



A perennial, with a rootstock; stem 3-4 dm. high, leafy below; leaves oblanceolate, gla- 

 brous, with glaucous midrib, 5-12 cm. long, the lower tapering at the base, the upper slightly 

 decurrent; peduncle 1.5-2 dm. long, strongly enlarged and black-hairy under the involucre, 

 which is 3-3.5 cm. broad; bracts subulate-lanceolate, black-hairy; ligules 15-20 mm. long, 

 8-10 mm. wide; disk-corollas about 4 mm. long; achenes 3 mm. long. 



Type locality: Mexico. 

 Distribution: Southern Mexico. 

 Illustration: Deless. Ic. 4: pi. 43. 



66. DUGALDIA Cass. Diet. Sci. Nat. 55: 270. 1828. 



Oxylepis Benth. PI. Hartw. 87. 1841. 



Expeletiopsis Schultz-Bip.; Benth. & Hook. Gen. 2: 414. 1873. 



Perennial caulescent herbs with rootstocks, more or less floccose or villous. Leaves linear, 

 entire, not decurrent, with several nearly parallel nerves. Heads radiate, large, at the ends 

 of the stem or branches. Involucre almost rotate; bracts lance-subulate, herbaceous, in 2 or 

 3 subequal series, spreading and tardily reflexed. Receptacle convex or nearly flat, naked or 

 with some bracts between the ray and disk. Ray-flowers fertile, pistillate; ligules yellow, 

 rather narrow. Disk-flowers numerous; corolla-tube evident, nearly equaling the campanulate 

 throat; lobes 5, ovate or lanceolate, glandular-hispidulous. Anthers with ovate-lanceolate 

 tips. Style-branches with truncate subcapitate tips. Achenes obpyramidal, densely pubes- 

 cent. Pappus of 5-7 lanceolate or subulate, acuminate, aristate, scarious, and nerveless 

 squamellae. 



Type species, Actinea integrifolia H. B. K. 



