120 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Volume 34 



Leaves linear or narrowly linear-oblanceolate. 1. D. inlegri folia. 

 Leaves oblanceolate or lanceolate. 



Ligules narrow, 3-5 mm. wide; squamellae with short awn-tips. 2. D. Hoopesii. 



Ligules broad, 5-12 mm. wide; squamellae with long awn-tips. 3. D. grandiflora. 



1. Dugaldia integrifolia (H. B. K.) Cass. Diet. Sci. Nat. 55: 271. 



1828. 



Actinea integrifolia H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 4: 297. 1820. 



Oxylepis lanata Benth. PI. Hartw. 87. 1841. 



Helenium lanatum A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 9: 205. 1874. 



Helenium integrifolinm Benth. & Hook.; Hemsl. Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 227. 1881. 



Heleniastrum integrifolinm Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 342. 1891. 



A perennial, with a rootstock; stem erect, simple, monocephalous, lanate, 3-5 cm. high; 

 basal leaves sessile, linear, obtuse, entire, thick, glabrous, dilated at the base, 1-1.5 dm. long, 

 1 cm. wide; stem-leaves linear, not decurrent, 5-nerved, glabrate or the upper somewhat 

 lanate; heads solitary; peduncles about 1 dm. long; involucre 3-3.5 cm. broad; bracts oblong- 

 linear, attenuate, flat, lanate; receptacle nearly plane; ray-flowers about 40; ligules about 

 1.5 cm. long; achenes densely pubescent; squamellae 5-7, lanceolate, subulately awn-tipped. 



Type locality: Between Omitlan and Serro del Jacal [Hidalgo]. 

 Distribution: Central Mexico to Guatemala. 

 Illustration: H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. pi. 410. 



2. Dugaldia Hoopesii (A. Gray) Rydb. Mem. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 



1: 425. 1900. 



Helenium Hoopesii A. Gray, Proc. Acad. Phila. 1863: 65. 1863. 

 Heleniastrum Hoopesii Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 342. 1891. 



A perennial, with a thick woody rootstock; stem 5-10 dm. high, more or less villous when 



young, especially above, in age glabrate, striate; basal leaves oblanceolate, several-ribbed, 



1-2 dm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, yellowish-green, sparingly (or in Arizona sometimes densely) 



villous when young, glabrate in age ; lower stem-leaves similar but shorter, the upper lanceolate 



and acute, all sessile but not decurrent; heads usually densely villous; involucre 2-2.5 cm. 



broad ; bracts lanceolate to subulate, acute or the inner acuminate, in age reflexed ; ray-flowers 



20 or more; ligules orange to yellow, 2-3 cm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, subentire or with 2 or 3 short 



teeth at the apex; disk-corollas about 5 mm. long; tube 2 mm. long; achenes 3 mm. long, 



densely hirsute; squamellae lance-subulate, attenuate into an awn-point, 3 mm. long. 



Type locality: South Park, Colorado. 



Distribution: Wyoming to New Mexico, California, and Oregon. 



Illustration: Clements, Rocky Mt. Fl. pi. 41, f. 3. 



3. Dugaldia grandiflora Rydberg, sp. nov. 



A tall perennial; stem 6 dm. high or more, sparingly arachnoid- villous above, glabrous 

 below; lower leaves oblanceolate, obtuse, about 1.5 dm. long; upper stem-leaves broadly 

 lanceolate, acute, slightly decurrent, sparingly villous when young; heads solitary at the end 

 of the stem, and of the branches if present; involucre about 3 cm. broad; bracts lanceolate, 

 acute or acuminate, densely villous; ray-flowers numerous; ligules 2-2.5 cm. long, 5-12 mm. 

 wide, deeply 3-lobed, conspicuously villous; disk-corollas 5 mm. long; achenes densely hirsute; 

 squamellae 4 mm. long, from a lanceolate base attenuate into a very long awn-tip. 



Type collected in California in 1868 or 1869, Kellogg &• Harford 469 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). 



67. HELENIUM L. Sp. PI. 886. 1753. 



Helenia L. Gen. PI. ed. 5. 377. 1754. 

 Brassavola Adans. Fam. 2: 127. 1763. 

 Mesodetra Raf. Fl. Ludov. 141. 1817. 

 Leplopoda Nutt. Gen. 2: 174. 1818. 

 Leplophora Raf. Am. Mo. Mag. 4: 195. 1819. 

 Tetrodus Cass. Diet. Sci. Nat. 55: 264, 272. 1828. 

 Leptocarpha Endl. Gen. 1383, as synonym. 1841. 

 Heleniastrum (Vaillant) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 341. 1891. 



Annual or perennial leafy herbs. Leaves alternate, narrow, impressed-punctate, more 



or less decurrent, producing wings on the stem. Heads in leafy corymbs or solitary, usually 



