126 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [Volume 34 



tube minute; achenes fully 1 mm. long; squamellae ovate, abruptly contracted into an awn- 

 tip, a little shorter than the corolla. 



Type locality: California. 



Distribution: Southern California to Sonora. 



16. Helenium Bolanderi A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 7: 358. 1868. 



Heleniastrum Bolanderi Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 342. 1891. 

 Hyme?wxys latissima Cockerell, Bull. Torrey Club 31: 498. 1904. 



A simple perennial; stem stout, 3-6 dm. high, sparingly pubescent with crisp hairs, especi- 

 ally on the peduncle, or glabrate, slightly winged; lower leaves oblanceolate, 1-3 cm. long, 

 thin, entire, glabrous or nearly so; upper leaves lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate or elliptic; 

 heads solitary or rarely 2, on long peduncles, radiate; peduncles 1-2 dm. long, often thickened 

 above; bracts lanceolate, villous, 7 mm. long; ray-flowers many, pistillate; ligules yellow, 

 15-18 mm. long, 7-15 mm. wide; disk brown or purplish-brown, 2-2.5 cm. broad; corollas 4 

 mm. long, puberulent; achenes 2 mm. long, hispid on the ribs; squamellae fully 2 mm. long, 

 lanceolate, acuminate into a long awn-tip. 



Type locality: Plains of Mendocino, California. 



Distribution: Central and northern California and southern Oregon. 



Illustration: Bull. Torrey Club 31: pi. 21, f. 2. 



17. Helenium rivulare (Greene) Rydberg. 



Heleniastrum rivulare Greene, Fl. Franc. 435. 1897. 



A rather simple perennial; stem 4-8 dm. high, sparingly crisp-hairy or glabrous; lower 

 leaves narrowly oblanceolate, 1-1.5 cm. long, thin, glabrous, not conspicuously punctate, entire; 

 stem-leaves mostly linear-lanceolate, strongly ascending; heads radiate, solitary or 2-4, 

 long-peduncled ; peduncles 1-2 dm. long; bracts lance-subulate, 5-6 mm. long; ray-flowers 

 pistillate; ligules yellow, 10-15 mm. long, 6-8 mm. wide; disk 15-18 mm. broad, depressed- 

 globose; corollas nearly 4 mm. long; achenes 2 mm. long, hispid on the ribs; squamellae 2 mm. 

 long, lanceolate, awn-tipped. 



Type locality: Coast Range, California. 

 Distribution: California. 



18. Helenium Bigelovii A. Gray, in Torr. Pacif. R. R. Rep. 4: 107. 



1857. 



Heleniastrum Bigelovii Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 342. 1891. 

 Heleniastrum occidentale Greene, Man. Bay Reg. 202. 1894. 



A rather simple perennial; stem 5-10 dm. high, erect, sparingly short-pubescent with 



crisp hairs or glabrous; lower leaves narrowly oblanceolate, 1-2 dm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, thick, 



strongly glandular-punctate, glabrate or puberulent; stem-leaves narrowly lanceolate; heads 



radiate, solitary or 2 or 3, long-peduncled; peduncles 1-3 dm. long, thickened upwards; bracts 



lanceolate-subulate, 8-10 mm. long; ray-flowers pistillate; ligules yellow, 10-12 mm. long, 



5-7 mm. wide; disk 15-20 mm. broad; corollas about 4 mm. long; tube less than 1 mm. long; 



achenes 2 mm. long, hispid on the ribs; squamellae 2 mm. long, lanceolate, attenuate into 



an awn-point. 



Type locality: Swamps near Santa Rosa Creek. California. 

 Distribution: Oregon to southern California and western Arizona. 



19. Helenium altissimum Link (Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. 1840: 21, 

 hyponym. 1840), sp. nov. 



A tall perennial; stem 1 m. high or more, minutely puberulent, winged, branched above; 

 leaves usually narrowly oblanceolate, 1-2 dm. long, 1.5-5 cm. wide, long-acuminate at the 

 apex, tapering at the base, sharply serrate, with teeth directed forward, minutely puberulent on 

 both sides; heads numerous, corymbose; peduncles 3-6 cm. long; bracts subulate, 1-10 mm. 

 long; ray-flowers pistillate; ligules yellow, 1.5-30 mm. long, 6-10 mm. wide; disk globose,. 



