Part 2, 1915] CARDUACEAE : HELENIEAE 131 



34. Helenium brevifolium (Nutt.) Wood, Bot. & Fl. L82. 1S70. 



Leptopoda brevifolia Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 7: 373. 1841. 

 Heleniastrum brevifolium ECuntze, Rev. Gen. 342. 1891. 



A simple perennial, with a rootstock; stem 3-8 dm. high, glabrous or glabrate, only slightly 

 winged; basal leaves spatulate, 5-8 cm. long, obtuse, entire or undulate, rather thick, gla- 

 brous; stem-leaves smaller, oblanceolate, entire, acutish; head- or rarely 2; peduncles 

 5-20 cm. long; bracts linear-lanceolate or linear, 8-10 mm. lung, acute; ray-flowers neutral; 

 ligules yellow, 1-1.5 cm. long; disk purplish or brown, 10-18 mm. broad; corollas 4 nun. 

 long; tube very short; achenes 1.5 mm. long, hirsutulous on the ribs; squamellae oval, nearly 

 entire. 



Type locality: South Carolina. 



Distribution: North Carolina to Florida and Alabama. 



Doubtful species 



Helenium aESTivalE Walt. Fl. Car. 210. 1788. 



Helenium serotinum Walt. Fl. Car. 210. 1788. 



Helenium anceps Raf. New Fl. 4: 81. 1838. 



Helenium traxilum Raf. New Fl. 4: 82. 1838. 



Helenium undulaTum Maund; Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. 1: 733, hyponym. 1841. 



On account of the short and inadequate descriptions of Walter's and Rafinesque's species 

 named above, they can not be determined without authentic specimens. 



68. AMBLYOLEPIS DC. Prodr. 5: 667. 1836. 



Annual caulescent herbs. Leaves alternate, thin, entire, the upper partly clasping, never 

 punctate. Heads radiate. Involucre rotate; bracts of two kinds, the outer foliaceous, in 

 age reflexed; the inner smaller, scarious and resembling the pappus-scales. Receptacle 

 strongly convex to ovoid, alveolate. Ray-flowers 6-10, pistillate and fertile; ligules yellow, 

 oblong, 3-lobed. Disk-flowers many, hermaphrodite, fertile; corollas glabrous; tube narrow, 

 often curved; throat fully as long, funnelform; lobes glabrous, ovate. Style-branches trun- 

 cate. Achenes obconic, almost equally 10-ribbed. Pappus of about 5, broadly ovate, obtuse 

 squamellae without midrib. 



Type species, Amblyolepis setigera DC. 



1. Amblyolepis setigera DC. Prodr. 5: 668. 1836. 



Helenium seligerum Britton & Rusby, Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 7: 11. 1887. 



A caulescent annual; stem 1-5 dm. high, glabrous or sparingly ciliate; lower leaves oblance- 

 olate or spatulate, 5-10 cm. long, thin, sparingly ciliate; stem-leaves lanceolate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, often short-pointed, sessile and more or less clasping; peduncles 1-2 dm. long; 

 outer bracts lanceolate or elliptic, acuminate, 7-9 mm. long, densely ciliate-pilose, the hairs 

 often with pustulate bases; inner bracts scarious, oblong, about half as long; ligules yellow, 

 2-2.5 cm. long, 5-6 mm. wide; disk-corollas yellow, glabrous, 6 mm. long; tube nearly 2 mm. 

 long; throat funnelform; lobes ovate; achenes 4 mm. long, 1.5 mm. thick, short, brown-hairy; 

 squamellae 2.5-3 mm. long. 



Type locality: Between Bexar and Austin, Texas. 



Distribution: Texas and Coahuila. 



69. GAILLARDIA* Foug. Mem. Acad. Sci. Paris 1786: 5. 1788. 



Calonnea Buchoz; Lam. Encvc. 2: 590, as synonym. 1788. 



Virgilia L'Her. Virgilia. 1788. 



Polatherus Raf. Am. Mo. Mag. 2: 268. 1818. 



* First described as Gaillarda, with no species named (Foug. Obs. Phys. 29: 55. 1786); spelled 

 Galardia (Lam. Encyc. 2: 590. 1788) by others; these are here treated as mere variant spellings. 



