Part 2, 1915] CARDUACEAE : HELENIEAE 135 



7. Gaillardia rigida Small, sp. nov. 



Gaillardia fastigiata Small, Fl. vSE. U. S. 1293, mainly. 1903. Not G. fastigiata Greene. 1902. 



A caulescent annual or biennial; stem 2-4 dm. high, simple or with a few rigid, erect 



branches, canescent-puberulent; lower leaves short-petioled, elliptic or spatulate, remotely 



serrate or undulate, 4-6 cm. long, densely scabrous-puberulent; upper stem-leaves linear or 



rarely oblong, acute, sessile; peduncles 3-10 cm. long; bracts ova.te-lanceolate or lanceolate, 



8-11 mm. long, canescent; ray-flowers neutral; ligules yellow, 1.5-2 cm. long; disk purple or 



brown, 1.5-2 cm. broad; corollas about 7 mm. long; tube 1 mm. long; throat puberulent, cylin- 



dro-campanulate; achenes 2 mm. long, short-hirsute; squamellae narrowly lanceolate, with 



the awn equaling the corolla. 



Type collected at Fort Smith, Arkansas, Bigelow 219 (herb. Columbia Univ.). 

 Distribution: Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. 



8. Gaillardia aristata Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 573. 1814. 



Yirv.ilia grandi flora Nutt.; Fraser, Cat. 1813. Not Gaillardia grandijlora Van Houtte. 1857. 



Gaillardia bicolor Sims, Bot. Mag. pi. 1602. 1813. Not G. bicolor Lam. 1788. 



Polatherns scaber Raf. Am. Mo. Mag. 2: 268. 1818. 



Gaillardia bicolor aristata Nutt. Gen. 2: 175. 1818. 



Gaillardia rustica Cass. Diet. Sci. Nat. 18: 20. 1820. 



Gaillardia perennis Loisel. Herb. Gen. Amat. 5: pi. 328. 1821. 



Gaillardia lanceolata DC. Prodr. 5: 652, in part. 1836. Not G. lanceolata Michx. 1803. 



Gaillardia Roezli Regel, Gartenflora 24: 289. 1875. 



Gaillardia aristata foliosa Lunell, Am. Midi. Nat. 2: 122. 1911. 



Gaillardia bracteosa Standley, Smiths. Misc. Coll. 56 33 : 2. 1912. 



A caulescent herb, with a perennial root; stem mostly simple, striate, 3-6 dm. high, hirsute 



with jointed hairs; lower leaves oblanceolate in outline, 5-20 cm. long, more or less hirsute on 



both sides, entire or variously toothed or lobed, short-petioled; upper stem-leaves lanceolate 



or linear-lanceolate, sessile, entire or lobed or pinnatifid; peduncles 1-2 dm. long; involucral 



bracts 1-2 cm. long, more or less villous as well as ciliate with moniliform hairs, lanceolate, 



caudate-acuminate; fimbrillae of the receptacle subulate-aristate, more than twice as long 



as the achenes; ray-flowers neutral; ligules 1-2.5 cm. long, yellow, or yellow with purple bases; 



disk 15-30 mm. broad; corollas yellow below, purple above, 7-9 mm. long; tube about 1 mm. 



long, glabrous; throat cylindro-campanulate; lobes acuminate, ciliate with moniliform hairs; 



achenes about 4 mm. long, densely hairy throughout; squamellae 6-7 mm. long, lanceolate, 



rather abruptly acuminate; awn nearly twice as long as the body. 



Type locality: Rocky Mountains [probably Montana]. 



Distribution: Saskatchewan to Colorado, Oregon, and British Columbia. 



Illustrations: Bot. Reg. pi. 1186; Bot. Mag. pi. 1602, 2940; Herb. Gen. Amat. pi. 328; 

 Britt. & Brown, 111. Fl. /. 3976; ed. 2. /. 4546; Clements, Rocky Mt. Fl. pi. 40. f. 3; Gartenflora 

 24: pi. 843; Baillon, Hist. PI. 8: /. 90-93. 



Gaillardia aristata X Drummondii (Gaillardia grandi flora Van Houtte, Fl. Serres 12: 1. 1857), 

 is a garden hybrid. Illustrations: Fl. Serres pi. 11 S3; 111. Hort. pi. 139. 



9. Gaillardia Hallii Rydberg, sp. nov. 



A caulescent herb, with a perennial root; stem 2-4 dm. high, finely strigose-hirsute; lower 



leaves oblanceolate, petioled, 5-10 cm. long, entire or dentate, rather densely short-pubescent; 



upper stem-leaves linear-lanceolate, sessile, entire; peduncles 5-15 cm. long; involucral bracts 



canescent-strigose, 12-15 mm. long, lanceolate, rather abruptly acuminate; ray-flowers neutral; 



ligules 10-15 mm. long, yellow; disk 1-2 cm. broad; corollas 6-7 mm. long, yellow below, 



purplish above; tube 1 mm. long; throat cylindro-campanulate; lobes acuminate, moniliform- 



ciliate; achenes 3 mm. long, densely hirsute; squamellae 6 mm. long, broadly lanceolate, 



abruptly acuminate into an awn which is longer than the body. 



Type collected in Oregon, in 1871, Elihu Hall 279 (herb. N. V. Bot. Gard.). 

 Distribution: Oregon. 



10. Gaillardia villosa Rydberg, sp. nov. 



A caulescent annual; stem 2-4 dm. high, long-villous, especially below, branched above; 

 leaves all linear-lanceolate, entire or denticulate, 3-8 cm. long, rather densely villous on both 

 sides, not clasping; peduncles 2-10 cm. long; involucral bracts linear-lanceolate, ciliate, char- 



