58 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VolLUME 33 
Leaves chiefly basal, the blades 
broadest above the middle; 
achenes dark-dotted. 101. V. Blodgettit. 
Leaves scattered, the blades broad- 
est at or below the middle; 
achenes not dotted. 102. V. insularis. 
Pubescence on the lower leaf-surface and invo- 
lucral scales none; leaf-blades l-nerved, revo- 
lute, pitted beneath. 107. V. Lettermanni. 
Pubescence on the lower leaf-surface wholly or in 
part of long, crooked, slender hairs, more or 
less tomentose; achenes, involucral scales, 
and leaves resinous-dotted. 
Seales of the outer pappus very Marrow, 
scarcely if any wider than the pappus- 
bristles; inner involucral scales resinous 
on each side of a prominent midvein. 
Heads with 34 flowers or fewer; achenes 
yellowish or brown. 
Principal involucral scales erect or 
slightly spreading, glabrous within. 108. V. interior. 
Principal involucral scales squarrose or 
recurved, pubescent within. 109. V. Baldwin. 
Heads with 55 flowers or more; achenes 
olivaceous. 110. V. aborigina. 
Seales of the outer pappus broad; midvein 
of the principal involucral scales not 
prominent. 111. V. missurica. 
Outer pappus of subulate bristles, irregular in 
length and not evidently differentiated from 
the inner bristles; leaves pitted beneath. 
Exposed portion of the largest involucral scales 
less than 2 mm. wide. 
Inner involucral scales subacute to rounded. 112. V. fasciculata. 
Inner involucral scales sharply acute to sub- 
acuminate. 113. V. marginata. 
Exposed portion of the largest involucral scales 
2.5-3 mm. wide. 
Leaf-blades narrowly linear. 114. V. tenuzfolia. 
Leaf-blades ovate-lanceolate. 115. V. corymbosa. 
Involucral scales, or some of them, long-acuminate to fili- 
form. 
Leaves all or chiefly basal. 
Basal leaves oblong to obovate, 3—7 cm. wide. 116. 
Basal leaves lanceolate, 1—2 cm. wide. W7/- 
Leaves all or chiefly cauline. 
Pappus tawny. 
Heads about 21-flowered; involucral scales and 
achenes not resinous. 
Leaf-blades 5-16 times as long as wide, serru- 
late or entire. 
Involucral scales loosely appressed at base, 
not recurved. 118. 
Involucral scales closely appressed at base, 
recurved at tip. 119. 
Leaf-blades 3—4 times as long as wide, serrate. 120. 
Heads 3447 -flowered; achenes resinous. 121 
Pappus purple. 
Innermost involucral scales with subulate tips 2 
mm. long or less; achenes and involucral scales 
not resinous. 105. 
Innermost involucral scales with subulate tips 5 
mm. long or more; achenes resinous. 
Heads 26—42-flowered; involucral scales ovate, 
abruptly tapering into the tip. 122. V. noveboracensis. 
Heads with 55 flowers or more; involucral 
seales lanceolate, gradually tapering to 
the tip. 123. V. Harpert. 
. acaulis. 
. georgiana. 
SN 
. scaberrima. 
. recurva. 
. pulchella. 
. glauca. 
SaSsinst <=! 
N 
. altissima. _ 
1. Vernonia jucunda Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 46: 248. 1919. 
Stems herbaceous, erect, 4 dm. high or more, sparingly branched, densely villous when 
young, becoming floccose when older and eventually glabrate; leaf-blades firm, ovate-oblong, 
6-8 cm. long, 3-4 em. wide, acute or short-acuminate into a subulate tip, undulate and ir- 
regular at the entire margin, or rarely serrate, frequently somewhat revolute, narrowed to 
a sessile base, dark-green, rugose, and scabrous with papillose hairs or hair-bases above, 
