ParT 1, 1922] CARDUACEAE: VERNONIEAE 61 
rounded at the base, the largest 5 cm. long, 2 cm. wide, thinly puberulent and conspicuously 
glandular-dotted above, closely and finely gray-pubescent and resinous on the surface beneath 
and sparsely pubescent on the midvein and the obscure lateral veins; inflorescence of 2-2 
elongate, erect, terminal or subterminal cymes; bracteal leaves resembling the cauline and 
progressively smaller, the upper only 15-20 mm. long; heads 2-3.5 cm. apart, 18—21-flowered; 
involucre campanulate, 6-7 mm. high scales irregularly but closely imbricate, thinly pubes- 
cent with dark hairs and sparsely resinous, the outer and middle with appressed bases and 
subulate tips, the inner linear-oblong, abruptly acuminate and usually subulate; achenes 
thinly pubescent, 1.5 mm. long; pappus white, the bristles 4 mm. long, the scales very narrow, 
0.6 mm. long, sharply ciliate with salient teeth. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Apazota, Campeche. 
DISTRIBUTION: Campeche. 
9. Vernonia icosantha DC. Prodr. 5:49. 1836. 
Vernonia divaricata Less. Linnaea 4: 306. 1829. Not V. divaricata Sw. 1806. 
Vernonia arborescens divaricata Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 353. 1861. 
Cacalia arborescens divaricata Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 323. 1891. 
Vernonia ventosa Gleason, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 179. 1906. 
Vernonia arborescens Ekman, Ark. Bot. 13: 41. 1914. Not V. arborescens Sw. 1806. 
Stems shrubby, branching above, 1-3 m. high, finely striate, appressed-pubescent; 
leaf-blades thin, oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 5-10 cm. long, 1.2—4 em. wide, acute or short- 
acuminate, entire, broadly obtuse or rounded at the base, sparsely papillose-pubescent above, 
densely or thinly strigose-pubescent and more or less resinous-dotted beneath; cymes numerous, 
terminal and in the upper axils, 5—20 cm. long; bracteal leaves lanceolate to oblong, the lower 
much exceeding the involucres, the upper reduced in size; heads sessile, 1-2 cm. apart, 21- 
flowered, involucre broadly campanulate to hemispheric, 5-6 mm. high; scales loosely imbricate, 
erect or a little spreading, the outer linear-lanceolate, subulate, the inner oblong-lanceolate, 
sharply acute or acuminate; achenes pubescent; pappus-bristles white, 5 mm. long, the scales 
conspicuous, white, 1 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Martinique. 
DISTRIBUTION: Martinique, Guadeloupe, St. Vincent, Santa Lucia, Bequia. 
ILLUSTRATION: Ark. Bot. 13: ol. 2, f. 1. 
10. Vernonia sericea Rich. Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 
| Graal i esis pe Ao 8 
Lepidaploa phyllostachya Cass. Dict. Sci. Nat. 26: 16. 1823. 
Vernonia arborescens DC. Prodr. 5: 48, in part. 1836. 
Vernonia Berteriana DC. Prodr. 5: 52. 1836. 
Vernonia arborescens Lessingiana Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 353. 1861. 
Cacalia arborescens Lessingiana Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 323. 1891. 
Cacalia sericea Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 971. 891. 
Vernonia phyllostachya Gleason, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 176. 1906. 
Vernonia venusta Gleason, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 177. 1906. 
Stems herbaceous or suffruticose, erect, 6-10 dm. high, freely branched above, strigose- 
pubescent; leaf-blades thin, bright-green, divaricately spreading, narrowly oblong-lanceolate 
to ovate, 3-8 cm. long, 1-4 cm. wide, acute, entire, obtuse to rounded or rarely attenuate 
at the base, papillose-strigose above, sericeous-pubescent and resinous beneath, on petioles 
2-5 mm. long; bracteal leaves oblong-elliptic, the uppermost equaling or somewhat exceeding 
the heads; cymes long and slender, forming a lax terminal panicle; heads 11—13-flowered; 
- involucre campanulate, 4-5 mm. high; scales loosely and irregularly imbricate, narrowly 
oblong-lanceolate, sharply acute, thinly villous below, glabrate in the middle, puberulent or 
villous at the apex, not resinous; achenes 2 mm. long, hirsute; pappus brown or rarely white, 
4-5 mm. long, the scales narrow, spreading, brown to white, 0.4-0.6 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: French Guiana (error). 
DISTRIBUTION: Porto Rico, American Virgin Islands, Tortola. 
ILLUSTRATION: Ark. Bot. 1315: ol. 4, f. 5. = 
Vernonia borinquensis Urban, Symb. Ant. 3: 390. 1903. 
Vernonia borinquensis Stahlii Urban, Symb. Ant. 3: 391. 1903. 
Vernonia borinquensis resinosa Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 46: 236. 1919. é 
Vernonia borinquensis hirsuta Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 46: 236. 1919. 
