ParT 1, 1922] ; CARDUACEAE: VERNONIEAE 65 
Stems herbaceous or suffrutescent, 5-10 dm. high, branching above, puberulent; leaf- 
blades narrowly lanceolate, 4-5 cm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, long-acuminate, subentire, revolute, 
one-nerved, rugose and papillose-pubescent above, sericeous-pubescent and resinous beneath; 
lower bracteal leaves resembling the cauline, the upper much reduced; heads sessile, secund 
in short spreading axillary cymes, or solitary in the upper axils; involucre 5-6 mm. high, 
broadly campanulate; scales purplish or brown, very loosely and irregularly imbricate, lanceo- 
late, sharply acute, the principal ones villous below to puberulent above, sparsely resinous- 
dotted; achenes hirsute; pappus pale purplish-brown, the bristles somewhat flattened, 3.5—4 
mm. long, the scales prominent, 0.6 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Hispaniola. 
DISTRIBUTION: Hispaniola. ; 
ILLUSTRATION: Ark. Bot. 1315: 1. 5, f. 4. 
21. Vernonia commutata Ekman, Ark. Bot. 131°: 77. 1914. 
Vernonia araripensis Gleason, Bult. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 181, in part. 1906. Not V. araripensis 
Gardn. 1846. 
Stems herbaceous or suffruticose, 7 dm. high, simple to the inflorescence, thinly appressed- 
pubescent; leaves linear, narrowed to the base, sessile or nearly so, acute, entire, revolute, 
papillose-pubescent or becoming scabrous above, dull-green and thickly resin-dotted beneath, 
the upper and bracteal leaves similar but reduced in size; inflorescence of numerous, short, 
divaricately spreading cymes from the upper axils; heads about 18-flowered; involucre 
turbinate, 5 mm. high, the scales loosely and irregularly imbricate in few series, sharply acute, 
the outer narrowly triangular, the inner narrowly lanceolate, the larger ones thinly villous 
and resin-dotted; achenes 2 mm. long, resinous and hirsute with erect hairs; pappus pale-brown 
or almost white, 4 mm. long, the scales 0.6—0.7 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. 
DISTRIBUTION: Eastern Cuba. 
ILLUSTRATION: Ark. Bot. 13: pl. 4, f. 4. 
22. Vernonia stenophylla Less. Linnaea 6: 667. 1831. 
Cacalia stenophylla Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 970. 1891. 
Stems herbaceous or suffruticose, erect, branching above, closely pubescent; leaves 
numerous and crowded, linear, 3-5 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, entire and revolute, acuminate, 
sessile or nearly so, papillose-pilose above, densely sericeous and with a prominent midvein 
beneath; upper and bracteal leaves similar but smaller; heads 18—21-flowered, single in the 
upper axils or occasionally 2—3 in short cymes; involucre 4-5 mm. high, loosely and irregularly 
imbricate, the scales all narrowly triangular-lanceolate, subulate to narrowly acuminate, not 
prominently nerved, green or the inner with a broad pale margin, villous throughout, resin-dots 
none or concealed; achenes hirsute; pappus pale sordid-brown, 5 mm. long, the scales 0.8 
mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Santo Domingo. 
DISTRIBUTION: Santo Domingo. 
ILLUSTRATION: Ark. Bot. 1315: pl. 5, f. 1. 
23. Vernonia angustissima C. Wright; Ekman, Ark. 
Bot213 3:78. 9 1914: 
Vernonia remotiflora Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 144. 1866. Not V. remotiflora Rich. 1792. 
Vernonia stenophylla Gleason, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 181, in part. 1906. Not V. stenophylla 
Less. 1831 
Stems herbaceous, erect, 4-5 dm. high, simple or sparingly branched, pubescent; leaves 
numerous and crowded, the blades linear, 2-5 cm. long, 1-3 mm. wide, obtuse or mucronulate, 
entire, revolute, one-nerved, papillose-pubescent and becoming scabrellate above, densely 
sericeous beneath; inflorescence of numerous short spreading cymes; bracteal leaves resembling 
the cauline, usually exceeding the 18-21-flowered heads, or the upper shorter; involucre 
campanulate or somewhat turbinate, 6-7 mm. high; scales pale-green, loosely and irregularly 
imbricate, villous throughout, the outer subulate, the inner narrowly lanceolate, long-acuminate; 
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