ParT 1, 1922] CARDUACEAE: VERNONIEAE 67 
Vernonia Vahliana Less. Linnaea 4: 306. 1829. 
Vernonia Thomae Benth.; Oerst. Vidensk. Meddel. 1852: 66. 1852. 
Cacalia Thomae Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 324. 1891. 
Vernonia longifolia Vahliana Urban, Symb. Ant. 1: 456. 1899. 
Vernonia longifolia Sintenisii Urban, Symb. Ant. 1: 456. 1899. 
Vernonia Sintenisit Gleason, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 187. 1906. 
Stems shrubby, freely branched, closely cinereous-tomentulose; leaves numerous and 
crowded, the blades thin, pale-green, broadly elliptic to oblong, 3-7 cm. long, 1-4 cm. wide, 
subacute to obtuse, rounded, or retuse, entire, narrowed from below the middle to an acute 
or obtuse base, finely strigose-pubescent and resinous on both sides, especially beneath; 
petioles 3-8 mm. long; inflorescence of a few short leafy cymes forming a loose, spreading, 
terminal cluster; bracteal leaves resembling the cauline but reduced to 1 cm. long; heads 
crowded, about 21-flowered; involucre campanulate, 5 min. high; scales rather closely imbricate 
in several ranks, pubescent or villous, frequently purplish, the inner sharply acute; achenes 
prominently ribbed, densely hirsute; pappus pale-brown or tawny, the bristles 4-5 mm. 
long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: St. Croix. ; 
DISTRIBUTION: Porto Rico, St. Croix, St. Thomas, and Tortola. 
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28. Vernonia gracilis H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 4: 34. 1818. 
Vernonia Moritziana Schultz-Bip. Linnaea 20: 511. 1847. 
Cacalia gracilis Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 970. 1891. 
Cacalia Moritziana Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 970. 1891. 
Vernonia Cotoneaster angustifolia Hieron. Bot. Jahrb. 23: 559. 1901. 
Vernonia gracilis tomentosa Ekman, Ark. Bot. 13%: 25. 1914. 
Stems herbaceous, sparingly branched, appressed-villous to pubescent; leaf-blades 
narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 5-9 cm. long, 1-15 mm. wide, acuminate, crenate to entire, acute 
at base, thinly pubescent and minutely red-glandular on both sides, but especially beneath 
and along the veins; inflorescence of single heads at the upper nodes, forming an undifferentiated 
cyme, the bracteal leaves not reduced; heads sessile, 21—26-flowered, 2—4 cm. apart; involucre 
broadly campanulate, 4-5 cm. high, the outer scales with a long subulate tip equaling or 
exceeding the narrowly triangular base, ciliate, somewhat pubescent along the prominent 
midvein, the inner broader, sharply acuminate or somewhat subulate, scarious-margined, 
puberulent, not prominently veined; achenes finely ribbed, thinly pubescent, 1.5 mm. long; 
pappus white, the bristles 4-5 mm. long, the scales broadly oblong, 0.8—1.1 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Colombia. ‘ 
DISTRIBUTION: Colombia; apparently introduced into Bequia. 
29. Vernonia bahamensis Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 352. 1861. 
Cacalia bahamensis Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 969. 1891. 
Stems shrubby, 2 m. high or more, repeatedly branched, thinly tomentose; leaves numer- 
ous, crowded, chiefly on the younger branches, the blades spatulate to oblanceolate or narrowly 
obovate, 20-35 mm. long, 5-12 mm. wide, entire, rounded at the tip and varying from mucron- 
ate to slightly retuse, narrowed at base into margined petioles, tomentose on both sides, 
especially beneath; heads few, 1—5 in each cyme, sessile among the upper leaves, 8—13-flowered; 
involucre campanulate, 3.5—5 mm. high, the scales loosely imbricate in few series, the inner 
ovate-lanceolate, sharply acute, white-tomentose, sometimes minutely resinous-glandular; 
achenes densely hirsute, 2—2.5 mm. long; pappus nearly white, the bristles 4-5 mm. long, the 
scales broad, fimbriate, 0.5-1 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Bahama Islands. 
DISTRIBUTION: Bahama Islands. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Torrey Club 33: 185. f. 1, e, f, g; 186. f. 2; Ark. Bot. 1315: pl. 2, f. 2. 
30. Vernonia obcordata Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 187. 1906. 
Stems shrubby, 6—9 dm. tall, with stiff crowded branches, strongly angled and tomentose 
when young, becoming terete and glabrous with age; leaves numerous, crowded on the young 
shoots, the blades broadly obcordate, 8-15 mm. long, 7-15 mm. wide, entire, gradually narrowed 
