68 NORTH AMERICAN FLORA [VOLUME 33 
at the base, closely gray-tomentose on both sides; petioles 5-8 mm. long; heads few, single 
or in cymes of 2-4, sessile among the upper leaves, 8—13-flowered; involucre campanulate, 
4-5 mm. high, the outer scales ovate, acute, tomentose, the inner ovate-lanceolate, sharply 
acute, pubescent, especially at the base and margin and densely resinous-glandular; achenes 
hirsute, 2 mm. long; pappus yellow, the bristles 4-5 mm. long, the scales fimbriate-ciliate, 
narrow, about 0.7 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Little Inagua. 
DISTRIBUTION: Little Inagua, Bahama Islands. 
ILLUSTRATION: Bull. Torrey Club 33: 185. f. J, d. 
31. Vernonia arbuscula Less. Linnaea 6: 664. 1831. 
Vernonia arctata Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 33: 185. 1906. 
Stems shrubby, 3-20 dm. tall, with numerous crowded branches, thinly tomentose or 
glabrate; leaves numerous, spreading or somewhat reflexed, the blades broadly elliptic to 
obovate-oblong, 10-18 mm. long, 6-11 mm. wide, acute or mucronate, entire, acute or obtuse 
at the base, glabrate above, brown-tomentose beneath; petioles tomentose, 3-7 mm. long; 
inflorescence flattened, of several short, leafy, irregular, scorpioid cymes bearing each 1—5 
sessile or short-peduncled 13—flowered heads; involucre campanulate, 4-5 mm. high; scales 
irregularly imbricate in a few series, lanceolate, acute, tomentose, the inner ones sparsely 
but conspicuously resinous; achenes pubescent, 2.5 mm. long; pappus nearly white, the 
bristles 5 mm. long, the scales fimbriate-ciliate, very broad, 0.6-1 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Mauritius (error). 
DISTRIBUTION: New Providence and Andros islands, Bahama Islands. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Bull. Torrey Club 33: 185. f. 1, a, b, c; Ark. Bot. 13: pl. 2, f. 3. 
32. Vernonia complicata Griseb. Cat. Pl. Cub. 143. 1866. 
Stems shrubby, densely branched, 5-10 dm. high, closely and softly tomentose; leaves 
numerous, crowded toward the end of the branches, the blades thick, rotund or broadly 
obovate, 5-15 mm. long and wide, entire, densely and finely tomentose on both sides, gray- 
green beneath, undulate, or flat on the young shoots, abruptly contracted into margined 
petioles 3-4 mm. long; heads 8-flowered, solitary, terminating the branches, partially concealed 
among the bracteal leaves, which resemble the cauline in size and shape; involucre campanulate, 
5 mm. high; scales loosely and irregularly imbricate, the outer ovate-lanceolate, the inner 
oblong-lanceolate, sharply acute, white-pubescent, especially at the base and apex, or some- 
what tomentose; achenes densely hirsute, 2 mm. long; pappus pale-tawny, the bristles 4 mm., 
the scales 0.7 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Cuba. 
DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. 
ILLUSTRATION: Ark. Bot. 131°: pl. 2, f. 4. 
33. Vernonia fruticosa (L.) Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 1323. 1806. 
Conyza fruticosa L,. Sp. Pl. ed. 2. 1209. 1763. 
Cacalia fruticosa Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 968. 1891. 
Stems shrubby or suffruticose, climbing, very slender, freely and loosely hranched, 
glabrous or puberulent at the summit; leaf-blades firm, ovate-oblong, 1-2 cm. long, 5-10 mm. 
wide, obtuse or rounded, irregularly crenate or subentire, rounded or subcordate at base, 
dark-green and thinly but softly papillose-pubescent above, densely gray-tomentose beneath; 
petioles 1-2 mm. long; upper and terminal branches floriferous and strongly flexuous; bracteal 
leaves resembling the cauline in shape and size; heads 21-flowered; involucre broadly turbinate 
or campanulate, 5 mm. high; scales all erect or somewhat spreading, very loosely imbricate, 
puberulent or occasionally glabrous, the outer subulate, the inner narrowly lanceolate and 
long-acuminate with a subulate tip; achenes hirsute; pappus nearly white, the bristles 4 mm. 
long, the scales broad and conspicuous, 0.8 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Tropical America. 
DISTRIBUTION: Santo Domingo. 
ILLUSTRATIONS: Plumier, Pl. Am. 1: pl. 95; Ark. Bot. 1315: pl. 3, f. 2, 3. 
