ParT 1, 1922] CARDUACEAE: VERNONIEAE 71 
41. Vernonia desiliens Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 
aoe 3516, 1913. 
Stems herbaceous, sparingly branched, 3-5 dm. tall, glabrous below, puberulent in the 
inflorescence; leaf-blades firm and coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 7-9 cm. 
long, 2-3 cm. wide, obtuse, entire or nearly so, obtuse or rounded at the base, rugose, glabrous, 
and shining above, closely gray-tomentose between the prominently reticulate veinlets; 
petioles 1-3 mm. long; cymes 1 or 2, spreading, 1—2 dm. long, flexuous; bracteal leaves resemb- 
ling the cauline but narrower in shape and gradually reduced in size, the uppermost oblong- 
linear, 2 cm. long; heads 21-flowered; involucre turbinate, thinly pubescent, 9-10 mm. high, 
the lower outer involucral scales short, minute, triangular, the inner scales much longer, 
linear-oblong, obtuse and apiculate; achenes strigose-pubescent; pappus light-brown, the 
bristles 6 mm. long, the scales conspicuously fimbriate, 0.7 mm. long. 
TYPE LocaLity: Arroyo del Medio, Oriente, Cuba. 
DISTRIBUTION: Cuba. 
42. Vernonia acuminata Less. Linnaea 6: 663. 1831. 
Vernonia divaricata DC. Prodr. 5: 48. 1836. Not V. divaricata Sw. 1806. 
Vernonia remotiflora divaricata Maza, Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 19: 269. 1890. 
Cacalia acuminata Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 969. 1891. 
Stems shrubby, 1-2 m. high, finely cinereous-puberulent; leaf-blades spreading, thin, 
bright-green, elliptic to broadly ovate-lanceolate, 4-9 cm. long, 1.5-4.5 em. wide, acute to 
long-acuminate, entire, acute at the base, sparsely and minutely puberulent on both sides, 
resinous above, dark-dotted and resinous beneath, sessile or with petioles 1-5 mm. long; 
inflorescence of numerous, widely spreading, freely branched cymes, their ultimate branches 
bearing 3-15 heads; bracteal leaves oblong-lanceolate to linear, the upper gradually reduced 
in size and barely exceeding the 11-18-flowered heads; involucre campanulate, 4-5 mm. 
high; scales thinly villous-pubescent throughout, especially the outer series, all obtuse or the 
outermost acute; achenes densely pubescent; pappus brown, the bristles about 4 mm. long, 
flattened and twisted, the scales narrow, ciliate, irregular in length, 0.5-1.5 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. 
DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica. 
ILLUSTRATION: Ark. Bot. 1315: pl. 2, f. 8. 
43. Vernonia expansa Gleason, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard 4: 
186. 1906. 
Stems slender, striate, puberulent, freely branching above, forming a straggling shrub 
2-3 m. high; leaves numerous, rather crowded, the blades thin, divaricate, broadly ovate, 
3-5 cm. long, 1.7—2.7 cm. wide, acute or subacuminate, entire, obtuse or broadly rounded at 
base, minutely pubescent and resinous on both sides, the veins white and conspicuous; peti- 
oles 3 mm. long; upper leaves smaller, broadly elliptic, obtuse; inflorescence of several short 
cymes terminating the branches and in the upper axils, bearing each 3-6 heads; bracteal 
leaves equaling or much shorter than the involucre; heads crowded, 11-flowered; involucre 
broadly campanulate, 4 mm. high; scales all appressed, closely imbricate, obtuse, the outer 
broadly ovate, the inner lance-oblong, thinly villous at the base to almost glabrous at the 
apex; achenes 2 mm. long, densely gray-pubescent; pappus brown, the bristles 4 mm. long, 
conspicuously flattened and twisted, the scales 0.8 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica. 
DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica. 
ILLUSTRATION: Ark. Bot. 1345: pl. 3, f. 4. 
44. Vernonia rigida Sw. Fl. Ind. Occ. 1322. 1806. 
Conyza rigida Sw. Prodr. 113. 1788. 
Stems weak, shrubby, up to 3 m. long, finely and closely tomentose and pubescent with 
black hairs; leaf-blades coriaceous, broadly elliptic, 25-45 mm. long, 15—28 mm. wide, rounded, 
obtuse, or minutely apiculate, entire, rounded to broadly cuneate at base, sparsely and minutely 
