Part 1, 1922] CARDUACEAE: VERNONIEAE 77 
61. Vernonia pallescens Gleason, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 
me 192. 1906. 
Stems shrubby, branching above, thinly puberulent or glabrate; leaf-blades thin and 
membranous, elliptic, 8-10 cm. long, 2.5—4.5 em. wide, long-acuminate, sharply. serrate on the 
upper half, less serrate or entire below, narrowed at the base into short petioles, very minutely 
puberulent and resinous-dotted on both sides, pale-green and glaucescent beneath: inflorescence 
sparingly branched, leafless; heads about 11-flowered; involucre obconic or narrowly cam- 
panulate, 4-5 mm. high; scales few, loosely imbricate, the outer erect, narrowly lanceolate, 
thinly villous-pubescent, especially toward the apex, conspicuously glandular, sharply 
acuminate and cuspidate, the inner oblong-lanceolate, thinly short-villous, resinous-dotted, 
abruptly short-acuminate; achenes obscurely angled, 2 mm. long, densely strigose-pubescent; 
pappus rufescent, the bristles 5 mm. long, strongly barbellate, the outer series of very 
slender barbellate bristles, about 0.6 mm. long, not flattened. 
TYPE LOCALITY: St. Vincent.. 
DISTRIBUTION: St. Vincent. 
ILLUSTRATION: Ark. Bot. 1315: pl. 6, f. 3. 
62. Vernonia scorpioides (lam.) Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 404. 1807. 
Conyza scorpioides Lam. Encyc. 2: 88. 1786. 
Lepidaploa scorpioides Cass. Dict. Sci. Nat. 26: 16. 1823. 
Chrysocoma repanda Vell. Fl. Flum. 327. 1825. 
Cacalia scorpiodes Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 970. 1891. 
Stems shrubby, distantly branched, softly and closely pubescent; leaf-blades thin, ovate 
to elliptic, 5-12 em. long, 2-7 cm. wide, acute or acuminate, entire, abruptly narrowed into 
a short cuneate base, softly papillose-pubescent or glabrate above, thinly pilose to densely 
sericeous or almost tomentose beneath, not resinous; petioles 1-2 cm. long; cymes few, 
crowded, short, curved or spreading, forming a compact, depressed, terminal panicle; heads 
about 21-flowered; involucre campanulate, 4 mm. high; scales loosely imbricate in few series, 
lanceolate, acuminate, villous; achenes pubescent; pappus white, the bristles 5 mm. long, the 
scales very narrow, 0.7 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil. 
DISTRIBUTION: Nicaragua; tropical South America. 
ILLUSTRATION: Vell. Fl. Flum. Ic. 8: pl. 13. 
63. Vernonia brachiata Benth.; Oerst. Vidensk. Meddel. 
1852: 67. 1852. 
Cacalia brachiata Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 969. 1891. 
Stems apparently herbaceous, glabrous or nearly so, strongly angled; leaf-blades thin, 
broadly elliptic, 10-20 cm. long, 4-8 cm. wide, acute to acuminate, serrulate or entire, gradually 
attenuate to an obtuse base, nearly glabrous on both sides, short-petioled, the upper leaves 
gradually reduced; inflorescence leafless, 1-3 dm. high, freely branched, the cymes very 
numerous, 1—2 dm. long, straight or slightly curved; heads 21-flowered, contiguous or nearly 
so; involucre broadly campanulate, 3-4 mm. high; scales loosely imbricate, ciliate, the outer 
triangular-lanceolate, sharply acute and somewhat cuspidate with a thickened midvein, the 
inner oblong to oblanceolate, acute or subacute, thin and scarious, with a colored midvein 
and purple tip; achenes sparsely hirsute; pappus pale-brown, the bristles 5 mm., the scales 
0.3 mm. long. 
TYPE LocaLity: Mt. Aguacate, Costa Rica. ‘ 
DISTRIBUTION: Costa Rica; northern South America. 
64. Vernonia canescens H.B .K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 4:35. 1818. 
Lepidaploa canescens Cass. Dict. Sci. Nat. 26: 18. 1823. 
Vernonia bullata Benth.; Oerst. Vidensk. Meddel. 1852: 67. 1852. 
Cacalia bullata Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 969. 1891. 
Cacalia canescens Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 969. 1891. 
Vernonia Purpusii Brand. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 197. 1915. 
