Part 1, 1922] CARDUACEAE: VERNONIEAE 79 
68. Vernonia Aschenborniana S. Schauer; Nees & Schauer, 
Linnaea 19: 714. 1847. 
Cacalia Aschenborniana Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 969. 1891. 
Stems shrubby, 2-5 m. tall, ferruginous-pubescent; leaf-blades firm or thin, brownish- 
green or olivaceous, oblong to lance-oblong, 6-10 cm. long, 2-3 cm. wide, acute, entire or 
remotely serrulate, frequently somewhat revolute, narrowed at base, roughly papillose-pubes- 
cent above, thinly pubescent with rusty hairs beneath, especially on the veins; petioles 2-3 
mm. long; inflorescence hemispheric or pyramidal, freely branched, 2-3 dm. wide; heads 
11-flowered, all sessile or nearly so; involucre broadly campanulate to hemispheric, 3 mm. 
high; scales regularly imbricate in few series, more or less pubescent and ciliate, the outer 
broadly ovate, acute, the inner ovate-lanceolate, subacute or obtuse, the midvein thickened 
at the apex; achenes sharply ribbed, hirsute, 2 mm. long; pappus tawny or rufescent, the 
bristles 5 mm. long, the scales very narrow, 0.4—0.5 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico. 
DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. 
69. Vernonia salamana Gleason, Bull. Torrey Club 
46: 242. 1919. 
Stems shrubby, branched above, 2-2.5 m. high, thinly cinereous-pubescent or becoming 
glabrate with age; leaf-blades thin but firm, pale-olivaceous, ovate-elliptic, 5-7 cm. long, 
2-3 ecm. wide, obtuse or subacute, undulate, entire, or remotely denticulate, obtuse or rounded 
at base, distinctly pubescent or subtomentose above, finely pubescent beneath, especially on 
the prominent reticulate veins, on petioles 4-8 mm. long, or the upper leaves nearly sessile; 
inflorescence of freely branched cymes, terminating the stem and upper branches, forming a 
pyramidal panicle 2.5 dm. broad, the cyme-branches leafless, straight, bearing each 3-6 
21-flowered heads; involucre broadly campanulate, 4-5 mm. high; scales loosely but regularly 
imbricate, pale-green with a dark spot near the apex, ciliate, puberulent, obtuse t o broadly 
rounded, the midvein prominent apically and usually prolonged into a minute mucr 0; achenes 
finely pubescent; pappus pale-tawny, the bristles 4 mm. long, the scales narrowly linear, 
0.4 mm. long. se 
TYPE LOCALITY: Near Salama, Guatemala. 
DISTRIBUTION: Guatemala. 
70. Vernonia patens H. B. K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 4: 41. 1818. 
Vernonia lanceolaris DC. Prodr. 5: 37. 1836. 
Vernonia pacchensis Benth. Pl. Hartw. 134. 1844. 
Cacalia lanceolaris Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 970. 1891. 
Cacalia patens Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 970. 1891. 
Stems shrubby, 3-5 m. high, glabrate or puberulent; leaf-blades spreading, thick and firm, 
brownish-green or olivacecus, narrowly lanceolate, 8-15 cm. long, 1.5—2.5 cm. wide, acuminate 
or sharply acute, entire or serrulate, gradually narrowed to the base, minutely puberulent, 
shining, and rugose above, puberulent beneath, especially on the prominently reticulate 
veins; petioles 5-10 mm. long; cymes very numerous, freely branched, forming a compact, 
hemispheric, terminal panicle; heads 21-flowered; involucre campanulate, 4-5 mm. high; 
scales closely and regularly imbricate in numerous series, appressed, pale-green with brown 
center, glabrous or puberulent on the back, tomentose-ciliate, subacuminate or acute to rounded 
and minutely cuspidate, the middle and cuter sharper; achenes minutely pubescent; pappus 
pale-brown, the bristles 5 mm. long, the scales narrowly linear, 0.3-0.8 mm. long, irregular. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Central America. 
DISTRIBUTION: Southern Mexico to tropical South America. 
71. Vernonia menthaefolia (Poepp.) Less. Linnaea 4: 168. 1829. 
Eupatorium menthaefolium Poepp.; Spreng. Syst. 3: 412. 1826. 
Vernonia Oltonis Schultz-Bip. Linnaea 20: 508: 1847 
Vernonia Grisebachii Schultz-Bip. Jour. Bot. 1: 231. 1863. 
