Part 1, 1922] CARDUACEAE: VERNONIEAE 83 
triangular-subulate with a prominent midvein; achenes glabrous but glandular; pappus 
almost white, the bristles 6 mm. long, the scales narrowly linear, about 1 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico. 
DISTRIBUTION: Jalisco. 
82. Vernonia Karvinskiana DC. Prodr. 5:62. 1836. 
Cacalia Karwinskiana Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 970. 1891. 
Stems purple, herbaceous, erect, 1 m. high, glabrous to puberulent; leaf-blades firm, 
ovate-lanceolate to oblong, 3-10 cm. long, 1.5—3 ecm. wide, acuminate, entire or remotely 
denticulate, acute or obtuse at base, scabrous above, puberulent beneath with short conic 
hairs, very minutely pitted on both sides, nearly sessile; inflorescence depressed-hemispheric, 
1 dm. wide; involucre campanulate, 8 mm. high, the scales thin, glabrous, purple, appressed 
below, loose and somewhat spreading above, linear-lanceolate or narrowly oblong, tapering 
regularly to the sharply acute tip or rarely rounded and mucronulate, the midvein not 
prominent; achenes glabrous, glandular in the furrows, 2.5-3 mm. long; pappus almost white, 
the bristles 6.5 mm. long, the scales narrowly linear, 0.8—0.9 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico. 
DISTRIBUTION: Oaxaca. 
83. Vernonia jaliscana Gleason, Bull. N. Y. Bot. 
Gard. 4: 198. 1906. 
Stems suffrutescent, erect, 1 m. high, simple to the inflorescence, scabrellate or becoming 
glabrous; leaf-blades thick, coriaceous, usually pale-green, elliptic-oblong or ovate-oblong, 
7-11 cm. long, 2.5—4.5 cm. wide, obtuse or subacute, entire or undulate, obtuse to rounded or 
subcordate at base, scabrous, especially above, and minutely pitted on both sides; petioles 
about 5 mm. long; inflorescence hemispheric or depressed, pubescent; heads 18—21-flowered; 
involucre broadly campanulate, 7 mm. high; scales closely but irregularly imbricate, glabrous, 
purple-tipped, the outermost spreading or recurved, lanceolate, cuspidate, the inner appressed, 
narrowly oblong, attenuate or sharply acute, mucronulate; achenes 2.5 mm. long, glabrous 
and densely glandular; pappus nearly white, the bristles 7-8 mm. long, the scales irregular, 
ciliate, 0.9-1.1 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Guadalajara, Jalisco. 
DISTRIBUTION: Jalisco. 
84. Vernonia serratuloides H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 4: 33. 1818. 
Perezia paniculata A. Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. 21: ie: 1886. 
Cacalia serratulodes Kuntze, Rev. Gen. 970. 1891 
Vernonia umbellifera Gleason, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 4: 199. 1906. 
Stems erect, suffrutescent, freely branched above, glabrous or puberulent; leaf-blades 
thick, firm, narrowly lanceolate to oblong, 5-10 cm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, or the upper smaller, 
acute Or acuminate, entire or irregularly serrate, frequently somewhat revolute, scabrellate 
or glabrous and minutely pitted above, pubescent or puberulent and minutely pitted beneath, 
short-petioled; inflorescence subhemispheric to pyramidal, 1 dm. wide; heads 8—11-flowered; 
involucre campanulate, 7-8 mm. high; scales loosely and irregularly imbricate, erect or 
appressed, purple-tipped, subacute to short-acuminate, cuspidate, frequently glandular, the 
outer ovate, thinly ciliate, the inner oblong, glabrous or nearly so; achenes 2.5 mm. long, 
glandular, glabrous or puberulent; pappus pale-brown, the bristles 6.5 mm. long, the scales 
narrowly linear, irregular, 0.5-1 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Valladolid [Morelia], Michoacan, alt. 1900 meters. 
DISTRIBUTION: Chihuahua to Jalisco. 
ILLUSTRATION: H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. pl. 316. 
85. Vernonia oaxacana Schultz-Bip.; Klatt, Leopoldina 20:74. 1894. 
Stems shrubby, puberulent or pubescent; leaf-blades elliptic-oblong, 7-10 em. long, 2-3 
cm. wide, acute, entire or remotely denticulate, narrowed at base, scabrellate above, prom- 
