ParT 1, 1922] CARDUACEAE: VERNONIEAE 93 
narrowed to the base, scabrous, puberulent beneath; cauline leaves narrower, linear, becoming 
bractlike in the inflorescence; inflorescence loose, with relatively few 29-flowered heads; 
involucre campanulate, 6-7 mm. high; scales glabrous or obscurely ciliate, irregularly imbricate, 
the outer slightly spreading at the tip, the inner appressed; achenes thinly pubescent and dark- 
dotted; pappus pale-tawny or yellow. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Vicinity of Thompson, McDuffie County, Georgia. 
DISTRIBUTION: Georgia and South Carolina. 
118. Vernonia scaberrima Nutt. Gen. 2: 134. 1818. 
Vernonia brevifolia Raf. New Fl. 4:77. 1838. 
Veronia angustifolia B T.& G. Fl. N. Am.2: 59. 1841. 
Vernonia angustifolia scaberrima A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Am. 12:91. 1884. 
Stems erect, simple or sparingly branched, glabrous, or puberulent below; leaf-blades 
narrowly oblong, closely sessile, 2.5—7 cm. long, 2-10 mm. wide, acute or cuspidate, remotely 
denticulate, dilated and rounded or truncate at base, scabrous above, glandular-dotted and 
sparsely pubescent to nearly glabrous beneath, the upper leaves gradually reduced; inflore’sc- 
ence loose, open, subumbellate; involucre campanulate, 6—7 mm. high; scales loosely imbricate, 
essentially glabrous on the back, minutely ciliate, lanceolate, long-acuminate into straight, 
erect or spreading tips; achenes densely short-pubescent, 2.5 mm. long, dark-dotted; pappus 
tawny, the bristles 5 mm. long, the scales narrow, 0.6 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: South Carolina, Georgia, or Florida. 
DIsTRIBUTION: North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. 
119. Vernonia recurva Gleason, Bull. N. Y. Bot. Gard. 
45222. * 1906: 
Stems erect, brown, 7 dm. high, simple to the inflorescence, pubescent below, glabrate 
above; leaves mostly near the base, the blades firm, linear to oblong-linear, 5—7 cm. long, 4-9 
mm. wide, acute, revolute with a few minute callous teeth, rounded at the closely sessile, 
somewhat dilated base, scabrous and puberulent above, minutely puberulent beneath; in- 
florescence open, loosely branched, 15 cm. across; heads 21-flowered; involucre 8 mm. high, 
campanulate-cylindric; scales dull-purple, nearly glabrous on the back, minutely arachnoid- 
ciliate, appressed at base, the outer short, loose, linear, the inner lancceolate, acuminate into 
a loose, spreading or recurved, filiform appendage 3-6 mm. long; achenes minutely hispid 
on the angles, dark-dotted in the furrows, 3.5 mm. long; pappus tawny, the bristles 6 mm., 
the scales 0.6—-1 mm. long, ; 
TYPE LOCALITY: Hortense, Wayne County, Georgia. 
DISTRIBUTION: Georgia. 
120. Vernonia pulchella Small, Bull. Torrey Club 25: 145. 1898. 
Stems erect, simple to the inflorescence, pubescent, 4-7 dm. tall; leaf-blades oblong to 
oblong-lanceolate, 4-7 cm. long, 10-16 mm. wide, acute, coarsely and irregularly toothed, 
rounded to subcordate at the sessile base, scabrous on both sides, glandular-dotted and pubes- 
cent on the veins beneath, the upper narrower, acute at the base, nearly entire; inflorescence 
loose, depressed; heads about 21-flowered; involucre campanulate, 5-7 mm. high; scales 
loosely imbricate in few series, lanceolate, appressed below, thinly puberulent on the back, 
strongly arachnoid-ciliate, green with purple margin, or the inner purple, the midvein becoming 
prominent above and prolonged into the squarrose or recurved filiform tip; achenes strongly 
ribbed, pubescent and dark-dotted, 3 mm. long; pappus tawny, the bristles 6.5 mm. long, 
the scales very narrow, 1 mm. long. 
TYPE LOCALITY: Liberty County, Georgia. 
DISTRIBUTION: Georgia and South Carolina. 
121 Vernonia glauca (L.) Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 1633. 1804. 
Serratula glauca L.. Sp. Pl. 818. 1753. 
Suprago glauca Gaertn. Fruct. 2: 402. 1791. 
Vernonia noveboracensis latifolia A. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. Am. 11: 89, in part. 1884. 
Vernonia noveboracensis tomentosa Britton; Britt. & Brown, Ill. Fl. 3: 302, excl. syn. 1898. 
